Chapter 13 Meiosis Quiz

three unique features of meiosis

homologous recombination, synapsis, reduction division

synapsis

homologous chromosomes pair all along their length

homologous recombination

nucleotide sequences are exchanged between two similar chromosomes

reduction division

chromosome number is reduced from diploid (46 chromosomes) to haploid (23 chromosomes)

crossing over

genetic exchange that occurs between homologous chromosomes when they are physically joined

Which of the following features are unique to meiosis?
A) synapsis
B) homologous recombination
C) reduction division
D) A and B
E) A, B and C

E)

A crossover in meiosis is an exchange of genetic material between…
A) sister chromatids of the same chromosome
B) sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes
C) non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes
D) sister chromatids of non-homologous chromosomes
E) non-sister chromatids of non-homologous chromosomes

C)

The four daughter cells produced in meiosis…
A) are diploid just like the parent cell
B) have double the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
C) have one-fourth the number of chromosomes of the parent cell
D) have one of each pair of chromosomes found in the parent cell
E) have identical chromosomes

D)

Crossing-over occurs in meiosis I and meiosis II.
A) True
B) False

B)

Chromosome duplication occurs in meiosis I only.
A) True
B) False

A)

Centromeres divide in…
F) mitosis and meiosis I
G) meiosis II only
H) mitosis and meiosis II
I) meiosis I and meiosis II
J) mitosis, meiosis I and meiosis II

H)

Which of the following describes meiosis II in humans?
F) 4N -> 2N
G) 2N -> 2N
H) 2N -> 1N
I) 1N -> 2N
J) 1N -> 1N

J)

Arrange the following events in the proper order in which they occur during meiosis I.

1 = Separation of homologous chromosomes
2 = Synapsis
3 = Crossing-over
4 = Independent assortment
F) 1, 2, 3, 4
G) 1, 3, 2, 4
H) 2, 3, 1, 4
I) 2, 3, 4, 1
J) 2, 4, 3, 1

I)

Germ-line cells are diploid but gametes are haploid.
F) True
G) False

F)

Independent assortment occurs in prophase I.
F) True
G) False

G)

Random orientation of homologous chromosomes occurs in ________ of meiosis.
K) metaphase II
L) prophase I
M) metaphase I
N) anaphase I
O) prophase II

M)

Consider a cell that has six pairs of chromosomes. What is the number of possible chromosome orientations in that cell?
K) 12
L) 18
M) 24
N) 30
O) 36

O)

Consider a cell that has three pairs of chromosomes. What fraction of the gametes produced from this cell will contain only maternal chromosomes?
K) 1/2
L) 1/4
M) 1/6
N) 1/8
O) 1/12

N)

The region of the cell where chromosome pairs line up is referred to as the plate.
K) True
L) False

K)

The actual structure that homologues bind to is called the centromere.
K) True
L) False

L)

Prophase 1

DNA coils tightly and chromosomes become visible. Homologous chromosomes become closely associated in synapsis and they exchange segments by crossing over.

Metaphase 1

The nuclear membrane has disappeared and the microtubules form a spindle. Spindle fibers attach to only one side of the centromere and the two homologous chromosomes attach to microtubules orienting from opposite poles. Each pair of homologues lines up on the metaphase plate.

Anaphase 1

The microtubules on the spindle fiber shorten and pull the chromosomes toward the poles, taking both sister chromatids with them. Each pole ends up with a complete haploid set of chromosomes consisting of one member of the homologous pair

Telophase 1

The nuclear membrane reforms around the daughter nuclei. Each daughter nucleus contains two sister chromatids for each chromosome, attached to a common centromere. Because of crossing over, the two sister chromatids are not identical.

Prophase 2

The nuclear envelope breaks down and a new spindle forms.

Metaphase 2

Spindle fibers bind to both sides of the centromeres.

Anaphase 2

The spindle fibers contract and the sister chromatids move toward opposite poles.

Telophase 2

Nuclear envelopes reform around the sets of daughter chromosomes.

Synapsis is the side-by-side alignment of…
P) sister chromatids of a chromosome
Q) non-homologous chromosomes
R) homologous chromosomes
S) spindle fibers
T) nuclei prior to the division of the cytoplasm

R)

At the end of meiosis I, each daughter cell is
P) diploid, and each chromosome consists of a single chromatid.
Q) diploid, and each chromosome consists of two chromatids.
R) haploid, and each chromosome consists of a single chromatid.
S) haploid, and each chromosome consists of two chromatids.
T) haploid, containing a mixture of single- and double-chromatid chromosomes.

S)

During anaphase I of meiosis, ____I____ move towards opposite cell poles, whereas during anaphase II of meiosis, ____II____ are separated.
P) I = sister chromatids ; II = non-sister chromatids
Q) I = sister chromatids ; II = homologous chromosomes
R) I = homologous chromosomes ; II = non-homologous chromosomes
S) I = homologous chromosomes ; II = non-sister chromatids
T) I = homologous chromosomes ; II = sister chromatids

T)

Crossing-over occurs in metaphase I.
P) True
Q) False

Q)

Telophase II of meiosis is basically prophase II in reverse.
P) True
Q) False

P)