|
Since schoolchildren judge their own talents and limitations more realistically than preschoolers, |
their self-esteem may suffer as they compare themselves with others |
|
Since Carter’s mother suffers from depression and his father is an alcoholic, Carter is often neglected, but he has a supportive group of friends. Despite his circumstances, he maintains a positive outlook. What may be helping Carter to maintain his positive attitude? |
his circle of friends |
|
Children’s "increasing ability to regulate themselves, to take responsibility, and to exercise self-control" contributes to their |
independence |
|
Andrea is a typical 11-year-old whose growing self-consciousness and self-criticism drive her to frequently compare herself with her peers. If Andrea is like most children, such comparisons will |
decrease her self-esteem |
|
Nine-year-old Alisha announces to her mother, "I am smart, nice, and friendly and I am so good at painting that one day I am going to sell lots of pictures." Alisha is demonstrating |
self-concept |
|
Alisha’s family is experiencing multiple problems, including her mother’s illness, her father’s loss of employment, and two relatives moving into their home. Despite the stress of home life, Alisha does attend weekly church and feels welcomed by the congregation. Overall, Alisha seems to be doing fairly well despite her home life. Alisha may be |
using religion as a source of support |
|
John has repeatedly been calling Joe names. John also teases him about his haircut and his clothes. The type of bullying that John is displaying is |
verbal |
|
Compared with single-parent homes, two-parent homes usually have |
higher income |
|
The best example of an aggressive-rejected child is |
Veru, who is disliked because she tells others they are stupid |
|
The ability to regulate one’s emotions and actions through effort, not simply through natural inclination, is referred to as |
effortful control |
|
Which scenario is typical of the industry versus inferiority stage |
Rudy is having difficulty in learning math, but he continues to practice. |
|
Bullying differs from ordinary aggression because bullying attacks are |
repeated |
|
When children act as parents and try to take care of everyone, it is called |
parentification |
|
What is a hallmark of close friendships during middle childhood |
same age |
|
Jenny is always friendly. When someone tells her a secret she does not tell other friends. She also is helpful and cooperates with others to get class projects done. Other students like working with Jenny. Jenny could be defined as a _____ child |
popular |
|
What factors generally determine whether a child is well liked by his or her peers |
culture and cohort |
|
There are many approaches to addressing the issue of bullying. Research indicates the one effective approach is |
changing the school culture as a whole |
|
Who is MOST likely to experience few psychological problems during middle childhood |
Alberto, who is being raised by his biological mother and father |
|
The kind of bully who is the most strongly disliked by peers is called a |
bully-victim |
|
According to the text, what method has been effective in stopping bullying in schools? |
using a whole-school strategy |
|
Barbara is in the third grade. She spends many hours rehearsing her math skills, reading books, and collecting bugs. According to Erikson, Barbara is developing a healthy sense of _____ through these tasks |
industry |
|
Marissa and Jessica, sisters born two years apart, grew up in an impoverished, violent neighborhood. As adults, Marissa is chronically jobless and is addicted to drugs while Jessica is a professor of economics at a community college. What might explain their different life outcomes |
differential sensitivity |
|
Joshua and Jeanette are brother and sister who live with their biological parents. They live in a(n) |
nuclear family |
|
Academic and social competence are aided by realistic self-perception. Unrealistically high self-esteem _____ effortful control, which leads to _____ academic achievement |
reduces; lower |
|
Dimitri has been married before and has two biological children. He has just married Natasha, who has also been married before and has a biological son. Their family is an example of a |
stepparent family |
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