Chapter 11 Political Science

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By and large, partisanship is

a huge source of both cohesion and division within Congress.

Congressional oversight is MOST likely to occur when it involves

White House activities with the opposition party in control of one or both chambers of Congress.

What is the BIGGEST reason that Congress does not vigorously pursue its oversight function?

the sheer magnitude of the task

The oversight responsibility of Congress is

empowered by control of yearly budgets.

Which of the following statements is TRUE about congressional members over the last three decades?

Republicans have become more conservative.

The trading of votes between members of Congress so that each gets the legislation he or she wants is called

logrolling

Since the founding of the United States, the debate over the representation function of Congress has centered on whether

the primary concern of a representative should be the interests of the nation or of his or her constituency.

Congress typically takes presidential proposals

only as a starting point

Most members of Congress are

concerned with national issues, but even more concerned with local ones.

In initiating broad legislative proposals, the president enjoys all of the following advantages over Congress EXCEPT

being granted more authority by the Constitution in the area of lawmaking

There are currently ________ voting members of the U.S. House of Representatives and ________ voting members of the U.S. Senate.

435; 100

Congress’s inability to consistently provide leadership on broad national issues is primarily due to

the fragmented nature of Congress

Which of the following is one of the three major functions of Congress’s policymaking role?

lawmaking

The dominant policymaking political institution during most of the nineteenth century was

Congress

A pocket veto differs from a regular presidential veto, in that the pocket veto

can take effect only when Congress is not in session

To override a presidential veto, Congress must vote at a minimum by a

two-thirds majority in each chamber.

For a bill to pass in either chamber of Congress, it must

receive the support of a simple majority of its members.

Through a vote for cloture, the Senate

can end a filibuster

What is the procedural tactic employed in the Senate to prevent a bill from coming to a vote?

filibuster

The scheduling of bills in the Senate is left up to

the Senate majority leader

If the Rules Committee applies the "closed rule" to a bill,

no amendments will be permitted.

Defining the conditions and scheduling a bill for floor debate in the House of Representatives is the responsibility of the

Rules Committee.

"Mark up" of a bill means that

None of these answers is correct.

Committees kill more than ________ percent of the bills submitted in Congress.

90

Most of the work on legislation in Congress is done

by committees and their respective subcommittees.

Bills are formally introduced in Congress by

members of Congress only

Which one of the following statements about the seniority principle is MOST accurate?

Seniority is no longer absolute in the selection of committee chairs, but it is usually followed.

A bill has been approved in the House and Senate, albeit in slightly different versions. The bill now goes to

a conference committee.

When the House and Senate pass different versions of a bill, the differences are resolved by a

conference committee.

Committee staffs within Congress

perform an almost entirely legislative function

Most of the legislative work of Congress is performed by

the standing committees and their subcommittees with jurisdiction over particular policy areas.

A standing committee in the House or Senate

All these answers are correct.

Senators are generally less likely to take directions from their leaders than House members because

senators think of themselves as being equals and are only willing to be led by persuasion.

In contrast with the Speaker of the House, the Senate majority leader

is not the presiding officer of his/her chamber.

The most powerful person from the minority party in the House is the

minority leader

Compared with the Senate majority leader, the Speaker of the House has more power because

All of these answers are correct

The second-most powerful federal official (after the president) is often said to be the

Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives.

What percentage of state legislators are women?

more than 20 percent

In the 1970s, roll-call votes

generally did not pit most Republicans against most Democrats.

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Party-line voting has increased in recent years.

In which of the following legislative sessions did Democrats have the majority in the House of Representatives?

2009-2010

Which of the following groups is over represented in Congress?

lawyers

One must be ________ years of age to serve in the U.S. House of Representatives, and ________ years of age to serve in the U.S. Senate.

25; 30

Compared to House incumbents, Senate incumbents are more likely to face the problem of

a strong challenger

In midterm elections,

the president’s party usually loses seats.

Incumbents may have some problems in reelection campaigns if

All of these answers are correct.

Redistricting

is conducted by state legislatures.

Redistricting happens after the census, which is conducted every ________ years.

10

Nearly ________ percent of all PAC contributions go to the incumbents.

85

In 2010, the average Senate race saw about ________ dollars in campaign spending.

15 million

Campaign spending tends to be a much greater task for

challengers than for incumbents.

Congressional staffers spend most of their time on

constituency service and legislative matters.

Legislation whose tangible benefits are targeted solely at a particular legislator’s constituency is often criticized as

pork

In an average election, about 1 in ________ House seats is a truly competitive election.

6

Approximately ________ percent of Senate incumbents win reelection.

84

Approximately ________ percent of House incumbents win reelection.

92

The modern Congress is different from the nineteenth-century Congress in that most members

are now professional politicians who want to stay in Congress.

In the nation’s first century,

service in Congress was not seen as a lifetime career for most of its members.

The framers of the Constitution saw the ________ as the preeminent component of the federal government.

Congress

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