|
The best description of the ideal of pluralism is that |
interests should be free to compete with each other for governmental influence. |
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Which of the following is a main theoretical assumption of pluralism? |
Competition among interests will produce balance, with all interests regulating each other. |
|
Which of the following is not a function of interest groups? |
to get their members elected to political office |
|
Organized interest groups enhance American democracy by |
representing the interests of large numbers of people and encouraging political participation |
|
Members of interest groups in the United States are typically people |
with higher levels of income and education. |
|
A criticism of interest-group pluralism is |
its class bias in favor of those with greater financial resources. |
|
What are political parties more capable of doing than interest groups? |
organizing people on a mass scale |
|
A benefit that is sought by an interest group and that once achieved cannot be denied to nonmembers is called a |
free rider |
|
The free-rider phenomenon |
becomes increasingly problematic in very large groups. |
|
Why is it important for interest groups to offer selective benefits? |
It is necessary to limit the extent of the free-rider problem |
|
One way that the AARP has been effective at overcoming the free-rider problem is by providing ________ benefits to its members. |
selective |
|
Since the 1930s, the number and scale of interest groups at the national level has |
dramatically increased. |
|
The increased number and importance of interest groups |
is a response to an increase in the size and activity of government. |
|
What distinguishes lobbying from other strategies of influence? |
Lobbyists try to exert pressure directly on governmental officials themselves |
|
What is the most important and beneficial resource that lobbyists provide government officials? |
information |
|
The practice of lobbying is protected by |
the first amendment |
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Which of the following statements about lobbyists and members of Congress is incorrect? |
Members of Congress are forbidden from ever working for an interest group once they leave office. |
|
Parties with a direct interest in a regulatory rule or decision are often termed |
stakeholders. |
|
An iron triangle is made up of an alliance between |
a legislative committee, an interest group, and an executive agency |
|
How can interest groups use litigation as a strategy of influence? |
filing amici curiae briefs, financing lawsuits, and bringing a suit on behalf of the group |
|
When interest groups take out advertisements and hold marches, these are examples of |
mobilizing public opinion. |
|
A grassroots lobbying campaign occurs |
When an interest group mobilizes its members and their families throughout the country to write their representatives in support of the group’s position. |
|
When interest groups generate phony letters and phone calls in order to resemble a grassroots movement, this technique is called |
astroturf lobbying. |
|
What is the primary function of a political action committee (PAC)? |
serve as fund-raising organizations for challengers |
|
Interest groups are permitted to spend as much money as they want on issue advocacy during a campaign season, as long as they |
do not coordinate their efforts with a candidate’s own campaign organization. |
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