|
A sandbar that completely crosses a bay, sealing it off from the open ocean is a ____. |
none of these |
|
The largest daily tidal range is during ____ tide. |
spring |
|
The most abundant salt in seawater is ____. |
NaCI |
|
When waves reach shallow water, they are often bent and tend to become parallel to the shore. this process is termed ____. |
refraction |
|
The zigzag movement of sand grains along a beach is ____. |
both caused by obliquely breaking waves and called beach drift |
|
Halite (sodium chloride) is the most abundant salt found in seawater. |
True |
|
The presence of which one of the following would indicate that the land had been uplifted or that sea level had fallen? |
elevated marine terrace |
|
Density in seawater is determined by ____. |
both temperature and salinity |
|
Because of the Coriolis effect, surface ocean currents are deflected to the ____ of their path of motion in the Northern Hemisphere. |
right |
|
The height, length, and period of a wave depend upon the ____. |
all of these |
|
Chesapeake Bay and Delaware Bay are ____. |
all of the above |
|
Large estuaries are more common on a(n) ____ coastline. |
submergent |
|
Because of the Coriolis effect, surface ocean currents are deflected to the ____ of their path of motion in the Southern Hemisphere. |
left |
|
The turbulent water created by breaking waves is called surf. |
True |
|
Which of the following is designed to reduce shoreline erosion? |
all of these |
|
Thermoclines in the ocean are best developed at ____. |
lower altitudes |
|
An isolated remnant of wave erosion is a ____. |
sea stack |
|
The horizontal distance separating successive wave crests is called the wave period. |
False |
|
Fetch refers to ____. |
a large expanse of open water over which the wind blows and generates waves. |
|
Waves begin to "feel bottom" when the depth of water is ____. |
equal to half the wavelength |
|
A rapid change in density with depth in the ocean called the ____. |
pycnocline |
|
A baymouth bar is a manmade feature designed to control wave erosion. |
False |
|
Elevated wave-cut platforms in Southern California are evidence that this coastal area is emergent. |
True |
|
Which one of the following structures is built to protect boats from large breaking waves? |
breakwater |
|
The energy that drives surface ocean currents such as the Gulf Stream come from ____. |
prevailing winds |
|
One result of wave refraction is that wave energy is concentrated ____. |
on headlands projecting into the water |
|
A ridge of sand projecting into a bay and often having a hooked end is a ____. |
spit |
|
Surface ocean circulation is also called thermohaline circulation. |
False |
|
The movement of water within the surf zone that parallels the shore is termed ____. |
longshore current |
|
Desalination is currently our most productive and efficient source of fresh water. |
False |
|
Longshore sand transport and longshore currents depend on waves impinging parallel to a shoreline. |
False |
|
A flat, bench-like surface cut in rock along a coast is a ____. |
wave-cut platform |
|
Which of the following is a tidal current? |
both flood and ebb tide |
|
The rapid change in temperature with depth in the ocean is called the pycnocline. |
True |
|
The total amount of solid material dissolved in water is known as the ____. |
salinity |
|
Groins are constructed for the purpose of maintaining or widening beaches that are losing sand. |
True |
|
Neap tides occur about the time of the first quarter and third quarter phases of the Moon. |
True |
|
A sand ridge connecting an island to the mainland or to another island is a ____. |
tombolo |
|
Tidal flats are submerged during ebb tide. |
False |
|
When the tide rises, water flows in toward the shore as the ebb tide. |
False |
|
A poleward-moving ocean current is ____. |
warm |
|
Although the Sun influences the tides, its effect is considerably less than the effect of the Moon. |
True |
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