1. Johann Friedrich Blumenbach: |
categorized skulls into five racial types. |
2. R.C. Lewontin found that human "races" have no taxonomic significance. He demonstrated this: |
through research indicating that most genetic variation is found across human populations. |
3. A cline: |
is continuous variation that follows a continuum. |
4. The long limb measurements of Turkana pastoralists indicate that: |
the population is on the continuum of ariation ovserved in Allen’s rule. |
5. The American economist David Seckler hypothesized that: |
shortness in height is an adaptation to reduced good supplies. |
6. Multiple biological traits: |
do not lead to clear-cut racial classifications |
7. Stressors during the prenatal stage include: |
smoking, alcohol, and drugs. |
8. Children living at high altitudes develop a larger chest cavity by adulthood than children living at lower altitudes. This is an example of: |
developmental adaptations that occur at the level of individual during critical life. |
9. Allen’s rule indicates that humans will have: |
longer limbs in hot environments and shorter limbs in cold environments. |
10. When epiphyses fuse to the diaphyses: |
full adult height is attained |
11. Genetic adaptation: |
occurs at the population level via natural selection. |
12. Acclimatization: |
occurs at the individual level throughout an individuals lifetime. |
13. Cultural adaptation: |
involves using material culture to make living possible in certain settings. |
14. Melanin: |
is advantageous because it provides protection from solar radiation. |
15. Relative to people with a history of living in temperate climates, the Inuit and other cold-adapted populations: |
have short limbs and large bodies. |
16. Dark skin (a result of increased melanin production in equatorial peoples) is likely a response to ultraviolet radiation, because UV radiation can cause: |
skin cancer |
17. Sexual dimorphism: |
refers to the difference in physical attributes of males and females. |
18. Wolff’s law: |
is the principle that the lengths of limbs bones are related to environmental conditions. |
19. Hypoxia has been shown to be an agent of natural selection in that Tibetan women: |
with alleles for high oxygen saturation in their hemoglobin have more surviving children. |
20. The postnatal stage of adolescence includes: |
development of secondary sex characteristics and interest in adult social, sexual, and economic behaviors. |
21. Rickets is the result of: |
high UV exposure. |
22. Natural selection favored alleles for light skin in: |
Europe |
23. Which is a major contributor to the success of our species? |
human adaptablility |
24. According to Hartocollis in "Growing Obesity Increases Perils of Childbirth" |
all of the above. |
25. According to "Growing Obesity Increases Perils of Childbirth" reported by Anemona Hartocollis, about 1 in 10 women are obese and have life-threatening trouble in delivery. |
false |
26. In "Growing Obesity Increases Perils of Childbirth" it is reported that obese women |
are more likely to have high blood pressure, diabetes, anesthesia complications, hemorrhage, blood clots and strokes during pregnancy and delivery. |
ch 5
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