Ch. 2 Plate Tectonics

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1) ________ was an ancient reptile that lived in South America and Africa during the late Paleozoic.

D) Mesosaurus

2) In the early part of the twentieth century, ________ argued forcefully for continental drift.

C) Alfred Wegener

3) The former late Paleozoic super continent is known as ________.

C) Pangaea

6) Pull-apart rift zones are generally associated with a ________ plate boundary.

B) divergent

11) A typical rate of seafloor spreading in the Atlantic Ocean is ________.

D) 2 centimeters per year

13) The continental drift hypothesis was rejected primarily because Alfred Wegener could not ________.

C) identify a mechanism capable of moving continents

14) All of the following are evidence supporting the theory of plate tectonics except for ________.

A) changes in the Moon’s orbit due to shifting plates

15) ________ was never proposed as evidence supporting the existence of Pangaea.

B) Islands of Precambrian rocks along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

16) Which one of the following most accurately describes the volcanoes of the Hawaiian Islands?

B) shield volcanoes fed by a long-lived hot spot below the Pacific lithospheric plate

19) Cooler, older, oceanic lithosphere sinks into the mantle at ________.

A) subduction zones along convergent plate boundaries

21) A transform plate boundary is characterized by ________.

a deep, vertical fault along which two plates slide past one another in opposite directions

25) The Aleutian Islands occur at a ________.

A) convergent boundary on a volcanic arc above a northward-subducting Pacific plate

28) Early results of the Deep Sea Drilling Project clearly justified the conclusion that ________.

B) the ocean basins are relatively young; most ocean basin rocks and sediments are Cretaceous or younger in age

30) a. Curie point b. paleomagnetism c. magnetic poles d. polar wandering

polar wandering

31) a. oceanic ridge b. seafloor spreading c. arc volcanoes d. divergent

c. arc volcanoes

32) a. Hawaii b. island arc c. volcanic arc d. subduction

a. Hawaii

34) plates are moving apart from one another

Divergent

35) plates are sliding past one another horizontally

Transform

36) this boundary is normally devoid of volcanism

Transform

37) where lithosphere is sinking into the mantle

convergent

38) characterized by basaltic volcanism and seafloor spreading

divergent

39) characterized by arcs of stratovolcanoes and deep-ocean trenches

convergent

40) the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Divergent

41) where subduction zones occur

convergent

42) the San Andreas fault

Transform

the west coast of South America

convergent

46) Hawaii is the oldest island of the Hawaiian Island chain.

False

47) The oldest rocks of the oceanic crust are found in deep ocean trenches far away from active, mid-ocean ridges.

True

52) Wegener’s continental drift hypothesis was weakened because a viable mechanism for moving the continents was lacking.

True

55) The volcanoes of Hawaii are localized above a deep mantle hot spot; they are not part of the East Pacific oceanic ridge

True

The Himalayan Mountains are the tectonic product of a collision between India and Eurasia that began in Eocene time and still continues.

True

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