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What name is given to the process in which a strand of DNA is used as a template for the manufacture of a strand of pre-mRNA? |
transcription |
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What name is given to the process in which the information encoded in a strand of mRNA is used to construct a protein? |
translation |
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What name is given to the process in which pre-mRNA is edited into mRNA? |
RNA processing |
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Polypeptides are assembled from _____ |
amino acids |
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RNA processing converts the RNA transcript into _____ |
mRNA |
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A codon consists of _____ bases and specifies which _____ will be inserted into the polypeptide chain. |
three … amino acid |
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A particular triplet of bases in the template strand of DNA is 5′ AGT 3′. The corresponding codon for the mRNA transcribed is |
3′ UCA 5′. |
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What is the process called that converts the genetic information stored in DNA to an RNA copy? |
Transcription |
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DNA does not store the information to synthesize which of the following? |
Organelles |
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Transcription begins at a promoter. What is a promoter? |
A site in DNA that recruits the RNA Polymerase |
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Which of the following statements best describes the promoter of a protein-coding gene? |
The promoter is a nontranscribed region of a gene. |
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What determines which base is to be added to an RNA strand during transcription? |
Base pairing between the DNA template strand and the RNA nucleotides |
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Transcription |
Involves the formation of an RNA strand that is complementary to the DNA template strand. |
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Which of the following terms best describes the relationship between the newly synthesized RNA molecule and the DNA template strand? |
Complementary |
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What happens to RNA polymerase II after it has completed transcription of a gene? |
It is free to bind to another promoter and begin transcription. |
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Where does RNA polymerase begin transcribing a gene into mRNA? |
It starts after a certain nucleotide sequence called a promoter |
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Which of the following statements best describes the termination of transcription in prokaryotes? |
RNA polymerase transcribes through the terminator sequence, causing the polymerase to separate from the DNA and release the transcript. |
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What is the function of RNA polymerase? |
It unwinds the double helix and adds nucleotides to a growing strand of RNA. |
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A part of the promoter, called the TATA box, is said to be highly conserved in evolution. Which of the following might this illustrate? |
Any mutation in the sequence is selected against |
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During RNA processing a(n) _____ is added to the 5′ end of the RNA. |
modified guanine nucleotide |
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During RNA processing a(n) _____ is added to the 3′ end of the RNA. |
a long string of adenine nucleotides |
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Spliceosomes are composed of _____ |
snRNPs and other proteins |
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The RNA segments joined to one another by spliceosomes are _____. |
exons |
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Translation occurs in the _____. |
cytoplasm |
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What is a ribozyme? |
a biological catalyst made of RNA |
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