results in evolutionary adaptation |
Natural selection ______. |
common ancestry |
Homology is evidence of ______. |
population |
The smallest biological unit of evolution is a(n) _______. |
homology |
The presence of gills in both fish and human embryos is an example of ____________. |
directional selection |
Which type of selection shifts a phenotypic curve in favor of one extreme phenotype? |
Systematics |
_____________ is the study of evolutionary relationships. |
bacteria |
The biological species concept cannot be applied to ______. |
genetic isolation |
Speciation requires ______. |
geographic isolation |
Sympatric speciation excludes ____________. |
punctuated equilibrium |
A pattern of evolution in which most change in appearance occurs rapidly fits the ________ model of speciation. |
Plantae and Fungi |
Which kingdom(s) colonized land first? |
mutation |
Variation among pre-cells was due to _____. |
binary fission |
Prokaryotes reproduce by means of ______. |
spontaneous generation |
The abiotic origin of life is referred to as _________. |
photoautotrophs |
All prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms that photosynthesize fit into which nutritional category? |
cuticle |
The _____ helps plants retain water. |
mosses |
Which of the following types of plants lacks vascular tissue? |
seeds |
Which of these adaptations to a terrestrial existence evolved most recently? |
Ferns |
____________ are seedless vascular plants. |
anthers |
In angiosperms, the male gametophyte develops within _______. |
They all have a notochord. |
Which of the following is a characteristic of all chordates? |
Flatworms |
__________ are the simplest animals that exhibit bilateral symmetry. |
absence of a jaw |
Among vertebrates, the unique feature of agnathans is the _______. |
arthropod |
There are more species of __________ than of any other type of animal. |
echinoderms |
Humans are chordates. Which animal group is most closely related to chordates? |
migration |
Gene flow is accomplished by _______. |
Crustaceans |
are nearly all aquatic, multiple limbs |
Amphibians |
exhibit a mixture of aquatic and terrestrial adaptations, usually need water to reproduce |
ectotherms |
sometimes referred to as "cold-blooded," which means that they obtain body heat from the environment. |
plant |
multicellular eukaryote and a photoautotroph, making organic molecules by photosynthesis. |
roots |
subterranean organs |
shoots |
aerial leaf-bearing organs |
stomata |
microscopic pores found on a leaf's surface, for the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen with the atmosphere |
vascular tissue |
a system of tube-shaped cells that branch throughout the plant, for the transport of vital materials |
gametangia |
which have a jacket of protective cells surrounding a moist chamber where gametes can develop without dehydrating. |
Fungi |
eukaryotes, typically multicellular |