After Joe has a stroke, his doctor asks Joe to touch his right pointer finger to his chin—but Joe is unable to move his right hand. However, when the doctor stimulates Joe’s pointer finger with a painful stimulus, Joe’s muscles quickly move his hand away from the stimulus. The doctor concludes that ______. the stroke caused damage to Joe’s frontal eye field which interfered with his effort to touch his chin |
based on the doctor’s observations, none of the listed answers are correct conclusions |
A patient reports that she has become completely deaf—she can’t hear anything. Thorough tests on her ears indicate that her ears have not been damaged. Additional tests reveal that her deafness has been caused by damage to her ______. primary somatosensory cortex |
None of the listed responses is correct. |
At age 79, Mrs. X is diagnosed with a disorder that severely impairs her logical judgment. Medical imaging techniques show that this has been most likely caused by brain damage in a ______. parietal lobe |
frontal lobe |
The RAS is comprised of specific pathways primarily in the limbic system. True |
False |
The canal connecting the third and fourth ventricles and running through the midbrain is the foramen of Monro. True |
FALSE |
The primary auditory cortex is located in the ________. prefrontal lobe |
temporal lobe |
Which of the following best describes the cerebrum? decussation center |
executive suite |
The central sulcus separates which lobes? frontal from temporal |
Frontal from parietal |
Which of the following is not a role of the basal nuclei? inhibiting unnecessary or antagonistic movements |
Initiating protective reflex |
The frontal lobe is separated from the temporal lobe by the ________. longitudinal fissure |
Lateral Suclus |
Two terms for the massive motor tracts serving voluntary movement are ________. extrapyramidal and rubrospinal |
pyramidal and corticospinal |
All of the following are structures of the limbic system except the ________. amygdaloid nucleus |
CAUDATE NUCLEUS |
Important nuclei of the indirect (multineural) system that receive impulses from the equilibrium apparatus of the inner ear and help to maintain balance by varying muscle tone of postural muscles are the ________. red nuclei |
Vestibular Nuclei |
Tremor at rest, shuffling gait, stooped posture, and expressionless face are characteristics of ________. Huntington’s disease |
Parkinsons disease |
Which of the following is (are) involved with motor activity (either initiation or coordination)? Wernicke’s area |
Red Nuclei |
White matter (myelinated fibers) is found in all of the following locations except the ________. outer portion of the spinal cord |
Cerebral Cortex |
Commissural Fibers connect the cerebrum to the diencephalon True |
FALSE |
Which Parts of the Brain Constitute the "emotional brain" known as the limbic system? |
cerebral and diencephalon structures |
What type of white matter fiber tracts connects the two cerebral hemispheres? Projection Fibers |
Commissures |
"Gateway" to the cerebral Cortex |
Thalamus |
Which part of the brain processes inputs received from the cerebral motor cortex, brain stem nuclei, and various sensory receptors, and then uses this information to coordinate somatic motor output so that smooth, well-timed movement occur? Thalamus |
Cerebellum |
Which of the following is NOT one of the three types of functional areas within the cerebral cortex? Association Areas |
Visual Areas |
Parkinson’s disease rests from the degeneration of the dopamine real easing neurons of the ____________. Basal Nuclei |
Substantia Nigra |
Select the true statement regarding first-order neurons. First-order neuron cell bodies reside in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. |
irst-order neuron cell bodies reside in a ganglion. |
During an epileptic seizure, the triggering of convulsions would not directly involve the uncontrolled activity of neurons located in the ______. pyramidal tracts |
thalamus |
Which of the following is a characteristic of a coma but is NOT a characteristic of sleep? absence of brain waves ("flat EEG") |
continuously reduced mitochondrial activity in brain neurons |
Nondeclarative memories preserve the circumstances in which they are learned. True |
False |
Which brain waves are not normal for awake adults but are common for children? Beta |
Theta |
Which statement about coma is true? During coma, brain oxygen consumption resembles that of a waking state. |
Coma may be caused by widespread cerebral or brain stem trauma. |
Meningitis is the most accurate term for inflammation of neurons. True |
False |
Which of the following would you not find in normal cerebrospinal fluid? protein |
red blood cells |
The term cerebral dominance designates the hemisphere that is dominant for language. True |
True |
Which of the following is not a site where a tumor is likely to cause hydrocephalus? fourth ventricle |
pia mater |
Spastic paralysis suggests involvement of the ________. lower motor neurons |
upper motor neurons |
Which of the following regions of the brain provides the precise timing and appropriate patterns of skeletal muscle contraction for the smooth, coordinated movements and agility that are needed for our daily living? pons |
cerebellum |
Cell bodies of the somatic motor neurons of the spinal nerves are located in the ventral horn of the spinal cord. |
True |
Cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the spinal nerves are located in ________. the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord |
the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord |
Neural tracts that convey life-saving information to the brain concerning burning pain would be ________. anterior spinothalamic |
lateral spinothalamic |
The white matter of the spinal cord contains ________. myelinated nerve fibers only |
myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers |
An individual accidentally transected the spinal cord between T1 and L1. This would result in ________. spinal shock only |
paraplegia |
Second-order neurons of both the specific and nonspecific ascending pathways terminate in the ________. somatosensory cortex |
thalamus |
The hypothalamus is the area where afferent impulses from all senses and all parts of the body are sorted out and then relayed to the appropriate area of the sensory cortex. True |
False (Thalamus) |
Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System
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