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The only accurate statement about consequentalism is:
Selected Answer:
Answers:
a.
Nonconsequentialists deny that consequences have any moral significance.
b.
Utilitarianism is a nonconsequentialist ethical theory.
c.
Utilitarianism is an egoistic normative theory.
d.
Consequentialism says that the moral rightness of an action is determined solely by its results.
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D
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If you adopt egoism as your moral code, then
Answers:
a.
you must always avoid any unpleasant or painful experiences.
b.
you must endorse hedonism.
c.
you can never act honestly or be gracious or helpful to others.
d.
you believe that it is morally right to do whatever promotes your best interest.
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D
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According to Kant
Answers:
a.
only actions based on feeling or sentiment have moral worth.
b.
good will is the only thing that is good in itself.
c.
a self-interested person can never do the right action.
d.
an action has moral worth if it is consistent with the categorical imperative.
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B
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According to act utilitarianism, an action is morally right if and only if
Answers:
a.
it brings only happiness and causes no pain.
b.
everyone prefers that action to any other action.
c.
it maximizes total, net happiness.
d.
it makes the person who does it happy.
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C
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Consequentialism
Answers:
a.
differs from nonconsequentialism because nonconsequentialism denies that consequences have any moral significance.
b.
states that the moral rightness of an action is determined solely by its results.
c.
states that sometimes the consequences of our actions can be morally relevant.
d.
is best represented by Ross’s theory of ethics.
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B
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Which of the following considerations about utilitarism is correct?
Answers:
a.
Act utilitarianism and rule utilitarianism consistently agree upon which actions are morally right.
b.
Bentham was concerned with the quantity of pleasure that an action produces, not with distinctions based on the type of the pleasure.
c.
The great 19th century utilitarians, Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill, believed that pleasure and happiness were different things.
d.
Utilitarians believe that we can’t compare one person’s happiness with that of another.
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B
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A key idea of Immanuel Kant’s ethical theory is that:
Answers:
a.
all duties are prima facie duties.
b.
we should treat people as ends in themselves, never merely as means.
c.
the moral permissibility of our actions depends entirely upon their consequences.
d.
only pleasure has intrinsic value.
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B
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"If you want to go to law school, then you must take the LSAT exam." This statement is an example of
Answers:
a.
a hypothetical imperative.
b.
the transcendental imperative.
c.
the categorical imperative.
d.
irrational behavior.
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A
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Utilitarianism is appealing as a standard for moral decision making in business. Which of the following provides a reason for this?
Answers:
a.
Utilitarianism provides a rigid approach to moral decision making.
b.
Utilitarianism provides an objective way of resolving conflicts of self-interest.
c.
Utilitarianism provides a fuzzy standard for formulating and testing policies.
d.
Utilitarianism gives us firm rules to follow, rules that don’t permit exceptions.
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B
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Which of the following statements is true regarding human rights?
Answers:
a.
Human rights rest on particular roles and special relationships.
b.
Human rights are transferable and thus "alienable".
c.
Human rights are equal rights; if X is a human right, then everyone has this right.
d.
Human rights are not natural but are always grounded in a specific legal or political system.
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C
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Which of the following is true regarding Immanuel Kant’s beliefs?
Answers:
a.
He believed that moral principles rest on empirical data, on observation and experiment.
b.
He believed that reason by itself can reveal the basic principles of morality.
c.
He defended a consequentialist theory of right and wrong.
d.
He believed that all duties are prima facie duties.
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B
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