Biology Quiz

amino acids

proteins are polymers made of monomers called ___

polymers

proteins are ___ made of monomers called amino acids

monomers

proteins are polymers made of ___ called amino acids

20

All proteins are made of ___ different amino acids linked in different orders

orders

All proteins are made of 20 different amino acids linked in different ___

cells, hormones, enzymes, work

Proteins are used to build ___, act as ___ and ___, and do much of the ___ in the cell

structural, storage, transport, contractile

what are the 4 types of proteins?

central, 4

Amino acids have a ___ carbon with ___ things bonded to it

cells

___ link amino acids together to make proteins

proteins

cells link amino acids together to make ___

condensation

When cells link amino acids together to make proteins

peptide

___ bonds form to hold the amino acids together

enzymes

most proteins act as ____

thousands

how many enzymes are in the body?

weakening

Enzymes control the rate of chemical reactions by ___ bonds

activation energy

by weakening the bonds in a chemical reaction, it lowers the amount of ___ needed for the reaction

enzymes

globular proteins

active site

the folded conformation of enzymes creates the area know as the ___

reuseable

Enzymes are ___

shape

the active site changes ___

induced fit

the changing of the active site shape is called ___

primary structure

the specific sequence of amino acids in a protein

fold

Secondary protein structures occur when protein chains ___

tertiary

when protein chains (polypeptides) join together, the ___ structure forms

R groups

the tertiary structure forms because the ___ interact with each other

globular

in the watery structure of a cell, proteins become ___ in their quaternary structure

quaternary

in the watery structure of a cell, proteins become globular in their ___ structure

temp and pH

changes in ___ and ___ can unfold a protein so it no longer works

receptor

___ proteins help cells recognize other cells

nucleic acids

store hereditary information and contain information for making all the body’s proteins

DNA and RNA

what are the two types of nucleic acids?

nucleic acids

are polymers of nucleotides

polymers

nucleic acids are ___ of nucleotides

nucleotides

nucleic acids are polymers of ___

adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine

What are the 4 bases of DNA?

nucleotide monomers

form long chains called DNA

sugars phosphates

nucleotides are joined by ___ and ___ on the side

double helix

two strands of DNA join together to form a ___

double

DNA is ___ stranded

single

RNA is ___ stranded

ribose

another name for RNA is ___ sugar

thymine

RNA does not contain ___

ATP

used by cells for nergy

energy

ATP is used by cells for ___

nucleotide

ATP is made of a ___ with 3 phosphate groups

3

ATP is made of a nucleotide with ___ phosphate groups

DNA, RNA, ATP

What are the 3 types of nucleic acids?

DNA

contains genetic code

genetic

DNA contains ___ code

RNA

primary function is protein synthesis

ATP

energy in the cell

Nucleic acids

are polymers of nucleotides

pentose

all nucleic acids have a ___ sugar

phosphates and sugars

form the "backbone" of nucleic acids DNA and RNA

chains

DNA is made up of long ___

double helix

Two strands of DNA join together to form a ___

opposite

tthe DNA strands run in ___ directions

Pyrimidine

Purine always bonds to ___

Purine

Pyrimidine always bonds to ___

nitrogenous bases

what bonds to the pentosugar in DNA?

DNA

has the genetic code and everything you need to make another cell

nitrogen

nucleic acids have a ___ base

20

there are __ types of amino acids

polypeptide

a polymer of amino acids

protein

one or more polypeptides folded/coiled make a ___

dehydration

amino acids are joined by ___

peptide

dehydration forms a ___ bond

shape

what a protein can do is determined by its ___

T or U

A always pairs with __ or __

C

G always pairs with ___

G

C always pairs with ___

A

T and U always pair with ___

primary

the linear sequence of amino acids (chain) is the primary structure of a protein

polypeptide

protein chains are caleld

secondary

when proteins coil or fold, ___ protein structures occur

R

when polypeptides join together, the ___ groups interact with each other

structure

protein shape is also known as protein ___

temp

denaturing a protein involves changing ___ so it no longer works

extra

RNA has a(n) ___ sugar

uracil

on RNA, the base ___ replaces thymine