If an animal has segments, bilateral symmetry, pharyngeal clefts, a post-anal tail, and deuterostomic development, it must be a member of the _____. A) Platyhelminthes |
Chordata |
A _____ is a chordate but not a vertebrate. A) shark |
lancelet |
Which of the following chordate characteristics contributes most to the formation of your ears? A) muscular, post-anal tail |
pharyngeal slits or clefts |
Which of the following chordate characteristics contributes most to suspension-feeding devices in many invertebrate chordates? A) notochord |
pharyngeal slits or clefts |
Which of the following pairs is NOT a correct match? A) Aves, canary |
Gnathostomata, hagfish |
Unlike craniates such as sharks, frogs, alligators, and rats, hagfish are unique in that they do not have _____. A) pharyngeal slits |
vertebrae |
Which of the following can be found in craniates but not in lancelets and tunicates? A) neural crest |
All of the listed responses are correct. |
A lamprey, a shark, a lizard, and a rabbit share all the following characteristics except _____. A) a dorsal, hollow nerve cord |
hinged jaws |
Which of the following groups represents the most basal lineage of vertebrates? A) sharks |
lampreys |
Some sharks are viviparous, which means that _____. A) they have a tendency toward single births |
the young develop within the female’s body |
The gill flap, or operculum, was an important adaptation for fish because it helps with _____. A) underwater reproduction |
maintaining a supply of oxygen |
A feature of bony fish not found in sharks is _____. A) a lateral line system |
a swim bladder |
Which of the following sets of animals contains only gnathostomes? A) hagfish, bass, sharks, and frogs |
rays, turtles, pigeons, and tuna |
The first vertebrates to live on land were _____. A) mammals |
amphibians |
Which of the following animals is an amphibian? A) lizard |
caecilian |
Habitat loss, the spread of a fungal disease, climate change, and pollution are causing severe population declines and extinction in _____. A) turtles |
amphibians |
The adaptation that freed vertebrates from water for reproduction and allowed them to radiate into diverse terrestrial environments was the _____. A) lateral line system |
amniotic egg |
Which of the following characteristics is NOT shared by extant birds and extant reptiles? A) vertebrae |
endothermic metabolism |
Which of the following is an archosaur group? A) tuatara |
crocodiles |
All mammals _____. A) complete their embryonic development in the uterus |
nourish their offspring through mammary glands |
The opossum is an example of a(n) _____ mammal. A) oviparous |
marsupial |
Primates are distinguished from other mammals by _____. A) opposable thumbs, nails, and good depth perception |
opposable thumbs, nails, and good depth perception |
Humans and the loris share many traits that probably evolved in our early primate ancestors, including _____. A) culture |
a thumb that is relatively mobile and separate from the fingers |
Humans, apes, and monkeys are classified together as _____. A) anthropoids |
anthropoids |
All species of New World monkeys are _____. A) nocturnal |
arboreal |
Included among the modern genera of apes are _____. A) tarsiers and gorillas |
gibbons, orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, and bonobos |
Which of the following traits distinguishes hominids from apes? A) an enlarged brain (relative to body size) |
bipedalism (upright walking) |
Which of the following correctly lists probable ancestors of modern humans from the oldest to the most recent? A) Homo, Australopithecus, Sahelanthropus |
Sahelanthropus, Australopithecus, Homo |
_____ arose very early in hominid evolution; _____ evolved more recently. A) Large brains … upright posture |
Upright posture … large brains |
What was the earliest hominid to have an enlarged brain (relative to body size)? A) Australopithecus |
Homo habilis |
Analysis of mitochondrial DNA and Y chromosomes of modern humans has led most researchers to agree that _____. A) modern humans emerged from Africa |
modern humans emerged from Africa |
Biology [CHAPTER 34] (The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates)
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