What is the goal of science? |
to investigate and understand nature, to explain events in nature, and to make predictions (using those explanations) |
What is science? |
Science is an organized way of using evidence to learn about the natural world. |
observation |
use of one or more of the senses to gather information |
data |
Information gathered from observations |
inference |
logical interpretation based on prior knowledge and experience |
hypothesis |
a proposal intended to explain certain previously known facts or observations |
qualitative |
relating to or involving comparisons based on qualities (such as color, size, font) |
quantitative |
relating to the measurement of quantity (such as there are 6 sides, 4 colors, etc.) |
True or False? Science can prove anything, solve any problem, or answer any question. |
False |
True or False? Science is primarily concerned about the natural world. |
True |
True or False? Astrology (using constellations to predict your future) is a science. |
False |
True or False? Science always provides temporary answers to questions. |
True |
True or False? Science is most concerned with collecting facts. |
False |
True or False? Science had proved most of the major mysteries of nature. |
False |
True or False? Scientists often try to prove themselves and others wrong. |
True |
controlled experiment |
a test of the effect of a single variable by changing it while keeping all other variables the same |
manipulated variable |
factor in an experiment that a scientist purposely changes; also known as independent variable |
controlled variable |
factor in an experiment that a scientist purposely keeps the same |
theory |
a well tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations |
How is the hypothesis used to form a conclusion? |
Data from the experiment is used to either support or reject the hypothesis. |
What were Redi’s findings? |
He completed an experiment with meat and maggots appeared out of "nowhere". Spontaneous generation. |
What did Needham say about Redi’s findings? |
He didn’t agree. He heated a bottle of gravy and sealed it, saying that the heat would kill anything that was in the gravy. When he saw that activity did occur in the gravy, he inferred that they must have come from the gravy. |
How did Spallanzani prove Needham wrong? |
He thought that the gravy wasn’t heated enough to kill everything that was in it. He repeated the experiment, but heated the gravy more. Alongside another heated gravy, he sealed one. After a while, he saw that there was no "animals" in the sealed gravy, while there was in the unsealed gravy. |
In the end, what did Pasteur prove? |
He proved that life can only be formed from other life. |
What is the hypothesis of spontaneous generation? |
living things can be created by non living things |
What are the eight characteristics of living things? |
1. Made of Cells 2. Reproduce 3. Based on universal genetic code (DNA) 4. Obtain and use materials and energy 5. Grow and Develop 6. Respond to Environment 7. Maintain Homeostasis 8. As a group, change over time (Evolution) |
sexual reproduction |
process by which cells from two different parents unite to produce the first cell of a new organism |
asexual reproduction |
process by which a single parent reproduces by itself |
metabolism |
set of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials as it carries out its life processes |
homeostasis |
process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment |
What are the levels of biology? |
Molecular,cells,tissues,organ systems, organisms, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere |
molecules |
The smallest particle of a substance that retains the chemical and physical properties of the substance and is composed of two or more atoms |
cells |
The basic unit of all living things |
tissue |
a part of an organism consisting of cells having a similar structure and function |
organ |
a group of tissues |
organ system |
group of organs that work together to perform a specific function |
organism |
an individual living thing |
population |
a group of organisms of the same species populating a given area |
community |
populations inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other |
ecosystem |
community, together with it’s nonliving environment |
biosphere |
the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the Earth, contains all ecosystems |
metric system |
a decimal system of weights and measures based on the meter and the kilogram and the second |
microscope |
magnifier of the image of small objects |
light microscope |
microscope that allows light to pass through a specimen and uses two lenses to form an image |
electron microscope |
a microscope that is similar in purpose to a light microscope but achieves much greater resolving power by using a parallel beam of electrons to illuminate the object instead of a beam of light |
cell fractionation |
technique in which cells are broken into pieces and the different cell parts are separated |
What can a light microscope study that an electron microscope can’t? |
Living things. |
Biology Chapter 1- The Science of Biology
Share This
Unfinished tasks keep piling up?
Let us complete them for you. Quickly and professionally.
Check Price