Biology 100 Test review Chapter 5

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Dead or damaged cells are replaced by the process of _________

fertilization
mitosis
binary fission
meiosis

b. mitosis

Key events of mitosis

Mitotic spindle forming sister chromatids centered Chromosomes separating Nuclear envelopes forming

Stages of mitosis

Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase and cytokinesis

Stages of meiosis

interphase prophase I Metaphase I Anaphase I Telophase I Cytokinesis Meiosis II

What leads to an individual having too many or too few chromosomes?

Nondisjunction

What is genetics?

studies the inheritance of genes (located on chromosomes) come in alternate forms called alleles. When copies are the same, it is called homozygous. When copies differ it is called heterozygous. (expressed: dominant ; unexpressed: recessive)

Genes located near one another on the same chromosome are often inherited together. These are called ___________

linked genes

Recessive disorders related to genes found on the X chromosome but not on the Y are more commonly expressed in ______

males
children
adults
females

males

The offspring produced via sexual reproduction are genetically __________ to the parents

parsimonious
identical
unique
indifferent

unique

Genes are located on ________

chromosomes
the centromere
the cytoplasm
mitosis

a. chromosomes

How many chromosomes would a typical human cell have after mitosis but before cytokinesis?

92
0
46
23

92

What specifically separates during mitosis?

homologous chromosomes
sister chromatids
the genome
the cytoplasm

Sister Chromatids (B)

How many chromosomes did you inherit from your father?

23

What produces genetically unique daughter cells?

Meiosis
Mitosis
Both of these
Neither of these

Meiosis (A)

What is crossing over?

the exchange of pieces of homologous chromosomes

How many chromosomes would by found in the karyotype of a Down syndrome female?

47

What is different between two alleles of the same gene?

The information they carry. For example, one allele might carry the information for blue eye pigment, while the other carries the information for brown eye pigment

Assuming incomplete dominance, if a homozygous red-flowered plant is crossed with a homozygous white flowered plant, what will be the color of the offspring?

White
Red and white
Pink
Red

pink

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