1. Women in their reproductive years are likely to carry more intraabdominal fat than are women past menopause. (T or F) |
F |
2. Waist circumference indicates visceral fatness, and above a certain girth, disease risks rise. (T or F) |
T |
3. Eating certain foods can elevate the basal metabolic rate, and thus promote weight loss.( T or F) |
F |
4. Taller people need proportionately more energy than shorter people to balance their energy budgets. ( T or F) |
T |
5. For someone with at least one obese parent, the chance of becoming obese is estimated to be between 30 and 70 percent. (T or F) |
T |
6. Physical activity must be long and arduous to achieve fat loss.(T or F) |
F |
8. The BMI is very valuable in helping athletes determine their health risks. ( T or F) |
F |
9. No single body composition or weight suits everyone; needs vary by gender, lifestyle, and stage of life. (T or F) |
T |
10. Leptin is a hormone produced by the body to stimulate the appetite and encourage eating. (T orF) |
F |
11. The set-point theory states that the body’s regulatory controls will maintain body weight over time and resist efforts to lose weight by dieting.(T or F) |
F |
1. All of the following are risks from being underweight except: |
b. higher risk of developing heart disease. |
3. Excess body fatness is associated with an increased risk of: |
d. a and b( some cancers. AND gallbladder disease.) |
4. Excess fat _____ represents a greater risk to health than excess fat elsewhere on the body. |
b. deep within the abdomen |
5. Waist circumference reflects the degree of _____ in proportion to body fatness. |
a. visceral fatness |
6. A body mass index of 25.0 to 29.9 in an adult indicates: |
b. overweight. |
7. A rule of thumb that has been used in the past but does not apply equally to everyone is that one pound of body fat is equal to _____ calories. |
c. 3500 |
8. Which of the following statements about basal metabolism is true? |
d. a and b (It supports the work that goes on all the time. AND It is directly controlled by the hormone thyroxine.) |
9. About _____ percent of a meal’s energy value is used up in stepped-up metabolism in the five or so hours following that meal. |
b. 5-10 |
10. All of the following factors are associated with a higher basal metabolic rate except: |
b. starvation. |
11. Older people generally need less energy than younger people due to: |
d. a and b ( slowed basal metabolic rate. AND declines in lean body mass.) |
12. Which of the following is based on weight and height and used in clinical settings to assess weight status? |
a. body mass index |
13. Body mass index is unsuitable for use with: |
e. b and c ( athletes. AND pregnant women.) |
14. A woman of normal weight may have, on the average, _____ percent of her body weight as fat. |
d. 20 |
15. Hunger makes itself known roughly _____ hours after eating a meal. |
d. 4-6 |
16. The hormone produced by adipose tissue in response to a gain in body fatness that helps to control obesity is: |
c. leptin. |
17. The psychological desire to eat is referred to as: |
b. appetite. |
18. All of the following are involved in signaling satiation except: |
d. the heart. |
19. Which of the following types of foods sustain satiety longer than other foods? |
d. a and b ( high in fiber AND high in protein) |
20. _____ tissue is particularly abundant in enzymes that engage in thermogenesis but don’t accomplish any other work. |
d. Brown adipose |
21. One "outside of the body" factor that contributes to obesity is: |
a. the "built environment," which can discourage physical activity. |
22. What is a food desert? |
d. an area where only convenience stores and fast-food restaurants sell food |
23. Quick, large changes in weight are most likely the result of all of the following except: |
a. changes in fat stores |
24. In early food deprivation, the nervous system cannot use _____ as fuel. |
a. fat |
25. A healthy person starting with average body fat can live totally deprived of food for as long as six to eight weeks due to: |
d. ketosis |
26. Energy nutrients can be stored in the body as: |
d. a and c ( glycogen. AND fat.) |
28. A very-low-carbohydrate diet may be accompanied by: |
b. ketosis. |
29. The foods emphasized by high-protein, low-carbohydrate diets clearly raise the risk for: |
c. heart and artery disease. |
31. An eating pattern of foods high in _____ is associated with being overweight. |
d. energy density |
32. One of the major benefits of physical activity for weight management is: |
b. an increase in lean muscle tissue, which burns more energy. |
33. A person trying to gain weight should: |
d. a and b ( participate in strength training AND eat more frequently.) |
34. Which of the following strategies would be appropriate for an obese individual with a BMI of 40 or above who is healthy? |
surgery such as a gastric bypass |
36. Successful weight maintainers: |
e. a and c ( exercise regularly. AND limit overall food energy.) |
37. Physical activity: |
improves chances for weight-loss success. |
38. The accumulation of excess visceral fat in the body may lead to health complications because: |
b. it can lead to chronic inflammation, which has been linked to heart disease. |
39. Mary has a waist circumference of 38 inches. Based on this information you conclude that: |
e. a and c ( she develops fat centrally. AND she is at an increased risk for disease.) |
40. A 55-year-old woman with a BMI of 31 and waist circumference of 37 whose father and grandfather died of heart disease is at _____ risk of developing heart disease. |
d. very high |
41. A woman who is a varsity soccer player has a BMI of 32, a waist circumference of 32, and 30 percent body fat. What would you say about her body composition? |
d. she is within recommendations for waist circumference and percent body fat |
43. John’s energy needs are 1930 calories/day, he weighs 200 lb., and he is 5’9" tall. What would be an appropriate daily calorie intake to promote safe and steady weight loss for him? |
d. 1430-1630 calories |
44. The thermic effect of foods eaten can contribute to total energy expended in a day because: |
d. metabolism is slightly stepped up for several hours after a meal in the metabolic response to food. |
45. When estimating the BMR for an individual it is important to consider which of the following factors that will affect the rate? |
b. the amount of daily physical activity, because it increases BMR over time |
46. Paul is a 19-year-old athlete who is 6′ tall and weighs 178 pounds; Rick is a 40-year-old salesman who weighs 165 pounds and is 5′ 7" tall. Who would have the higher basal metabolic rate? |
b. Paul |
47. You are weighing a team of football players and according to the BMI values they appear to be obese. Which of the following would you most likely conclude? |
e. b and c ( Their muscle weight is probably responsible for the elevated scale weights. AND Their bones may be well mineralized, which contributes to their weights.) |
48. A woman weighs 210 pounds and is 65 inches tall. Calculate her BMI. |
c. 35 (210*703/(65^2)=35) |
49. Johnnie’s father is 5′ 11" tall and weighs 165 pounds, while his mother weighs 164 pounds and is 5′ 2" tall. Johnnie’s chances of becoming obese are at least _____ percent. |
c. 30 |
50. A woman who is trying to get pregnant has a BMI of 17 and a 10 percent body fat value. What factors should she consider concerning her body composition? |
a. Her pregnancy outcome may be compromised by her too-low body fat. |
51. You decide to skip lunch for several weeks to lose weight and fit into a favorite outfit for a special occasion. Which of the following will probably be the greatest obstacle to the success of this plan? |
a. hunger |
52. The major role that the hormone ghrelin plays in eating is to: |
a. signal hunger when the stomach is empty. |
53. You go to the movie theater after eating dinner and smell the popcorn in the concession stand. Although you are full, you start salivating, so you buy a bag to eat during the show. This is an example of what signal for eating? |
b. appetite |
54. Susie has been overweight for many years. She tends to eat when she is not really hungry and eats more food when she is angry or depressed. Which of the following could explain Susie’s problem of overweight? |
c. external cues |
55. How has physical activity played a role in weight trends in the U.S. recently? |
c. Sedentary activities have replaced outdoor play for many people. |
56. All of the following are recommendations for physical activity to maintain a healthy body weight except: |
b. only aerobic physical activities are beneficial for weight loss. |
58. The best way to use physical activity to assist with weight control is to: |
d. exercise daily in conjunction with a substantial calorie reduction. |
60. Which individual’s activity had the highest calorie cost? |
a. Sara, who weighs 145 lb and did step aerobics (0.062 cal/lb/min) for 35 minutes |
61. If a person uses fasting to lose weight, how will his or her body react? |
b. break down fat into ketone bodies to provide fuel |
62. When setting a target for weight loss, an appropriate goal would be: |
c. reduction of body weight by 5-10% over a year’s time |
63. An effective method for losing weight would be to: |
c. keep records of your food intake and exercise to spot trends. |
64. Recommendations for planning a diet for weight loss include the following: |
d. reduce calories as appropriate based on current BMI. |
65. The best advice for planning a daily meal pattern for successful weight loss is to: |
c. eat regularly. |
66. Which of the following foods has the greatest energy density? |
c. vanilla ice cream that weighs 39 grams and is 155 calories |
67. Which of the following is a valid recommendation for managing portion sizes of foods in order to manage weight? |
e. a and c ( choose smaller plates, glasses, and utensils AND eat just until satisfied and then stop, even if food remains) |
69. A person who is trying to gain weight and muscle mass will achieve the best outcome by: |
b. choosing nutrient- and energy-dense foods to help build new body tissue. |
71. Your aunt is seriously considering having gastric surgery to help her lose weight because previous weight-loss diets have been unsuccessful. What information would you give to help her make her decision? |
d. It is a serious decision because of the lifetime medical and nutrition supervision needed after surgery. |
72. A good way to help dieters to solve problems and increase motivation is to teach them to: |
b. use cognitive restructuring of thoughts. |
73. A woman is using behavior modification to change her eating habits in order to lose weight. Which of her behaviors would be most successful for changing a particular cue? |
a. when eating out, asking for a box at the beginning of the meal to split the portion on her plate |
Use the green coffee bean supplements label to answer questions 74-78. |
a. may not provide any benefit since caffeine has not been proven to help in weight loss. |
76. This product claims to be "all natural." What does this tell you? |
b. nothing because there is no regulation of the term "natural" |
77. The statement on the label that the product is "part of a weight management program that includes diet and exercise" indicates that: |
c. it must be combined with proven weight management techniques. |
78. If a friend is considering purchasing this supplement, what would you tell her? |
d. Don’t buy it because some weight-loss supplements have been shown to cause dangerous health complications. |
Bio Quiz Chapter 9
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