BIO II Midterm

Which of the following is most likely an example of convergent evolution?
A)That both birds and dragonflies possess wings.
B)That both sharks and clown fish possess two eyes.

A

Traits used to determine relatedness among organisms must __________.
A)be very old
B)be rare
C)be heritable
D)be very common

C

___________ are thought to be the first single-celled organisms.

Protobionts

______________ are organized cluster droplets of protein and carbohydrates.

Coacervates

_______________ are suggested as one possible form of early protobiont.

Coacervates

What are the 3 domains of life?

Bacteria Archaea Eukarya

Gram-_________ bacteria have a thin peptidoglycan layer with an outer membrane

negative

Gram-_________ bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer with no outer membrane.

positive

Which microorganism is often found associated symbiotically with the roots of bean plants?

A)Cyanobacteria
B)Rhizobium spp.
C)Archaea
D)Gram-positive bacteria

B

When cleaning the oil immersion lens, you should use only the following two items:
A)Lens cleaning solution and Kimwipes
B)Lens cleaning solution and lens paper
C)Deionized water and lens paper

B

Once gram-staining and rinsing are complete, you will dry the slide by _______.
A)passing it through the Bunsen burner flame
B)letting it air dry
C)pressing it between sheets of lens paper
D)pressing it between sheets of bibulous paper

D

When you use the higher magnifications on the microscope, focal adjustments should be made using the _________.
A)iris diaphragm
B)coarse focus knob
C)fine focus knob
D)stage adjustment knob

C

Given that penicillin is an antibiotic that inhibits enzymes from catalyzing the synthesis of peptidoglycan, which prokaryotes should be most vulnerable to inhibition by penicillin?
A)Gram-positive bacteria
B)Gram-negative bacteria
C)cyanobacteria
D)spiral-shaped bacteria

A

True/False:
You should begin viewing a specimen with the 10X objective lens?

False

Which of the following protists are in the same supergroup as land plants?
A)green algae
B)dinoflagellates
C)brown algae
D)both green algae & red algae

D

_____________ are commonly known as red algae.

Rhodophyta

_____________ are commonly known as green algae.

Chlorophyta

_____________ are characterized by sac-like vesicles called alveoli.

Alveolata

The supergroup Alveolata is comprised of what two groups?

Dinoflagellates Paramecium

_____________ possess a skeleton made of cellulose, two flagella for locomotion, and are responsible for Florida’s annual "red tide."

Dinoflagellates

____________ are single-celled heterotrophic protists that move using cilia that cover their bodies.

Paramecium

Supergroup _____________ are named for the straw-like hairs that line surface of their flagella.

Stramenopila

Supergroup Stramenopila is composed of what two groups?

Bacillariophyceae (Diatoms) Phaeophyceae (Brown Algae)

The Supergroup Rhizaria is composed of what two groups?

Radiolaria Foraminifera

Several groups of flagellates and amoebae that have thin, hairlike extension of their cytoplasm-known as filose pseudopodia- are classified into the Supergroup ___________.

Rhizaria

The Supergroup __________ is characterized by phagocytosis and locomotion via cytoplasmic streaming; this group also includes "slime molds."

Amoebozoa

Supergroup _____________ includes fungi, animals, and two protist groups.

Opisthokonta

_______________ are protists most closely related to animals.

Choanoflagellates

Because they are mostly clear, you may need to lower the __________ when trying to view the amoebae under the microscope.
A)stage
B)magnification
C)light intensity
D)focus

C

True/False:
Green algae are more closely related to plants than they are to kelp.

True

Which member of Kingdom Protista is the closest relative to the land plants?
A)Dinoflagellates
B)Diatoms
C)Rhodophytes
D)Chlorophytes

D

When viewing protists in this lab, applying a drop of __________ may be necessary to slow the movement of the organisms so they are more easily viewed.

methyl-cellulose

The largest species in Kingdom Protista belongs to Supergroup ______________.

Stramenopila (the brown algae)

Most dinoflagellates possess heavy plates made of what substance?
A)Cellulose
B)Lignin
C)Silica
D)Chitin

A

In Phylum Bryophyta, the ____________ generation is dominant: whereas in Phylum Pteridophyta, the __________ generation is dominant.

gametophyte sporophyte

The __________ and ___________ are both reproductive structures of liverworts.

antheridia archegonia

True/False:
Despite their adaptations to land, most species of plant are still aquatic.

False

Which phylum of plants is the most abundant on Earth today?

Anthophyta

Which gymnosperm is often confused with a palm tree?

Cycads

Meiosis occurs within what structure during the pine tree life cycle?
A)Inside the seedling
B)Inside the pollen
C)Inside the cones
D)Inside the leaves
E)Inside the lignin

C

A botanist discovers a new species of land plant with a dominant sporophyte generation, chlorophylls a and b,and cell walls made of cellulose. In assigning this plant to a phylum, which of the following traits, would be LEAST useful?
A)seeds
B)endosperm
C)flowers
D)spores
E)sperm that lack flagella

D

The tomato you examine in the lab develops from what structure in an Angiosperm?

Ovary

All angiosperms belong to which phylum?
A)Phylum Coniferophyta
B)Phylum Anthophyta
C)Phylum Cycadophyta
D)Phylum Gingkophyta

B

There is/are ___________ phyla of gymnosperms.

1
2
3
4

3