Bio - Ch. 33

Nematodes and arthropods are the largest ecdysozoan phyla.

Which of the following statements are true?
Select all that apply.

The cuticle in nematodes lengthens as the animal grows.
Both nematodes and arthropods must molt in order to increase in size.
Arthropods possess an open circulatory system.
Nematodes are acoelomate, whereas arthropods are coelomate.
Nematodes possess a closed circulatory system.
Some nematodes are parasitic on humans.
Both nematodes and arthropods have segmented body plans.
Both nematodes and arthropods possess an external covering, or cuticle.
Arthropods are named for their jointed appendages.

Both nematodes and arthropods must molt in order to increase in size. Arthropods possess an open circulatory system. Some nematodes are parasitic on humans. Both nematodes and arthropods possess an external covering, or cuticle. Arthropods are named for their jointed appendages

You are an entomologist for the federal agency in charge of deciding the fate of neonicotinoids in the United States.
Who do you work for?

Food and Drug Administration
Department of Agriculture
Department of Health and Human Services
Environmental Protection Agency

Environmental Protection Agency

How are varroa mites harmful to bees?

They eat the bees' food supply.
They eat bees.
They inject the bees with a chemical that dissolves their insides.
They spread pathogens.

They spread pathogens.

Which of the following individuals would most likely be against a ban on neonicotinoids in the United States?

a member of the Pesticide Action Network
a honey producer
a beekeeper
a cotton farmer

a cotton farmer

What does Syngenta likely think is currently the best option when it comes to preventing more honeybee deaths?

Banning neonicotinoids.
Sterilizing male honeybees.
Introducing a disease-resistant honeybee to the environment.
Killing varroa mites.

Killing varroa mites.

You are a scientist working for BASF and you are studying the effects of neonicotinoids on honeybees. Which body system should you focus on?

immune
digestive
nervous
circulatory

immune

Which of the following would most likely cause Turritopsis dohrnii to go through cellular transdifferentiation?

being exposed to salt water
being eaten by a sea slug
being repeatedly poked and prodded
very cold temperatures

being repeatedly poked and prodded

Which of the following is the sexual stage of a hydrozoan?

spore
polyp
coral
medusa

medusa

You are a scientist specializing in hydrozoans. You observe a species with many stolons. What will these stolons become?

eggs
polyps
medusas
sperm

polyps

You are a cancer researcher and you discover an on-off switch for the BRAF oncogene. What have you found?

DNA
rRNA
MiRNA
tRNA

MiRNA

If Shin Kubota's hunch is correct, the key to Turritopsis dohrnii immortality lies where?

its bell
its mesoglea
its stolons
its tentacles

its tentacles

Sponges are most accurately described as

aquatic predators.
marine predators.
chemoautrophs.
freshwater scavengers.
filter feeders.

filter feeders.

Some species of rotifers consist solely of females. Their method of reproduction is described as _____.

binary fission
sperm-stealing
fragmentation
budding
parthenogenesis

parthenogenesis

Which of the following animal groups is entirely aquatic?

Platyhelminthes
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Crustacea
Mollusca

Echinodermata

Which clade in the phylum Cnidaria includes "jellies" with rounded (as opposed to boxlike) medusae?

Anthozoa
Scyphozoa
Hydrozoa
Cubozoa

Scyphozoa

Members of the phylum Mollusca _____.

have segmented bodies and paired, jointed appendages
have closed circulatory systems
have tentacles surrounding a central mouth/anus
are soft-bodied and often covered by a shell
are filter feeders

are soft-bodied and often covered by a shell

A shared derived characteristic for members of the arthropod subgroup that includes spiders would be the presence of

an open circulatory system.
chelicerae.
a cuticle.
a cephalothorax.
an exoskeleton.

chelicerae.

Which of the following is true of annelids?

They have an open circulatory system.
They have pseudocoeloms.
They have a gastrovascular cavity.
They perform gas exchange across their skin.
They have a nerve net.

They perform gas exchange across their skin.

Which of the following is characteristic of the phylum Platyhelminthes?

They typically reproduce asexually.
They are diploblastic.
They are radially symmetrical.
They are all parasitic.
They are dorsoventrally flattened.

They are dorsoventrally flattened.

How many of the following are characteristics of at least some members of the phylum Cnidaria?
1. a gastrovascular cavity
2. a polyp stage
3. a medusa stage
4. cnidocytes
5. a pseudocoelom

1
2 and 3
3, 4 and 5
1, 2, 3, and 4
All of the above are correct

1, 2, 3, and 4

The organ(s) of respiratory gas exchange in oligochaetes is (are)
Check all that apply

book lungs.
the skin.
gills.
pairs of hollow bristles.
parapodia.

the skin.

The excretory organs of annelids are

skin gills.
protonephridia.
malpighian tubules.
metanephridia.
flame bulbs.

metanephridia.

The water vascular system of echinoderms

functions in locomotion and feeding.
moves water through the animal's body during suspension feeding.
is bilateral in organization, even though the adult animal is not bilaterally symmetrical.
functions as a circulatory system that distributes nutrients to body cells.
is analogous to the gastrovascular cavity of flatworms.

functions in locomotion and feeding.

A radula is present in members of which clade(s)?

bivalves and chitons
bivalves, gastropods and chitons
chitons, gastropods and cephalopods
bivalves, gastropods and cephalopods
bivalves

chitons, gastropods and cephalopods

In a tide pool, a student encounters an organism with a hard outer covering that contains much calcium carbonate, an open circulatory system, and gills. The organism could potentially be a crab, a shrimp, a barnacle, or a bivalve. The presence of which of the following structures would allow for the most certain identification of the organism?

eyes
a body cavity
a filter-feeding apparatus
a heart
a mantle

a mantle

Which phylum is characterized by animals that have a segmented body?

Cnidaria
Platyhelminthes
Porifera
Arthropoda
Mollusca

Arthropoda

A land snail, a clam, and an octopus all share

gills.
embryonic torsion.
a mantle.
a radula.
distinct cephalization.

a mantle.

Which of the following is a characteristic of cnidarians?

bilateral symmetry
gastrovascular cavity
an anus
mesoderm
radula

gastrovascular cavity

The animal phylum most like the protists that gave rise to the animal kingdom is _____.

Echinodermata
Ctenophora
Lycophyta
Cnidaria
Porifera

Porifera

What evidence suggests that vertebrates are more closely related to echinoderms than are any other invertebrate phyla?

Shared DNA sequences
Shared patterns of development
Shared morphology

Shared DNA sequences

Which of the following is a characteristic of nematodes?

They have a gastrovascular cavity.
Many species are diploblastic.
All species can be characterized as scavengers.
They have a true coelom.
They have only longitudinal muscles.

They have only longitudinal muscles.

Some invertebrates combine morphological simplicity with features of great structural or biochemical complexity. Select all correct examples of this statement.
Select all that apply.

Sponges lack true tissues but have more variation in cell type than animals in any other phylum.
Trematodes are acoelomates that have effective defenses against attack by their hosts' immune system.
Cnidarians are diploblasts that produce complex, capsule-like organelles.

Trematodes are acoelomates that have effective defenses against attack by their hosts' immune system. Cnidarians are diploblasts that produce complex, capsule-like organelles.

Select the correct statement(s) about invertebrate taxa.
Select all that apply.

Tapeworms lack a mouth and gastrovascular cavity.
Ectoprocts lack a distinct head.
Rotifers are smaller than many protists.

Tapeworms lack a mouth and gastrovascular cavity. Ectoprocts lack a distinct head. Rotifers are smaller than many protists.

Which of the following are thought to be most closely related to humans?

ants
snails
sea stars
earthworms
jellies

sea stars

A terrestrial animal species is discovered with the following larval characteristics: exoskeleton, system of tubes for gas exchange, and modified segmentation. A knowledgeable zoologist should predict that the adults of this species would also feature

two pairs of antennae.
an open circulatory system.
a sessile lifestyle.
parapodia.
eight legs.

an open circulatory system.

In terms of food capture, which sponge cell is most similar to the cnidocyte of a cnidarian?

epidermal cell
pore cell
choanocyte
amoebocyte

choanocyte

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Bio – Ch. 33

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Nematodes and arthropods are the largest ecdysozoan phyla.

Which of the following statements are true?
Select all that apply.

The cuticle in nematodes lengthens as the animal grows.
Both nematodes and arthropods must molt in order to increase in size.
Arthropods possess an open circulatory system.
Nematodes are acoelomate, whereas arthropods are coelomate.
Nematodes possess a closed circulatory system.
Some nematodes are parasitic on humans.
Both nematodes and arthropods have segmented body plans.
Both nematodes and arthropods possess an external covering, or cuticle.
Arthropods are named for their jointed appendages.

Both nematodes and arthropods must molt in order to increase in size. Arthropods possess an open circulatory system. Some nematodes are parasitic on humans. Both nematodes and arthropods possess an external covering, or cuticle. Arthropods are named for their jointed appendages

You are an entomologist for the federal agency in charge of deciding the fate of neonicotinoids in the United States.
Who do you work for?

Food and Drug Administration
Department of Agriculture
Department of Health and Human Services
Environmental Protection Agency

Environmental Protection Agency

How are varroa mites harmful to bees?

They eat the bees’ food supply.
They eat bees.
They inject the bees with a chemical that dissolves their insides.
They spread pathogens.

They spread pathogens.

Which of the following individuals would most likely be against a ban on neonicotinoids in the United States?

a member of the Pesticide Action Network
a honey producer
a beekeeper
a cotton farmer

a cotton farmer

What does Syngenta likely think is currently the best option when it comes to preventing more honeybee deaths?

Banning neonicotinoids.
Sterilizing male honeybees.
Introducing a disease-resistant honeybee to the environment.
Killing varroa mites.

Killing varroa mites.

You are a scientist working for BASF and you are studying the effects of neonicotinoids on honeybees. Which body system should you focus on?

immune
digestive
nervous
circulatory

immune

Which of the following would most likely cause Turritopsis dohrnii to go through cellular transdifferentiation?

being exposed to salt water
being eaten by a sea slug
being repeatedly poked and prodded
very cold temperatures

being repeatedly poked and prodded

Which of the following is the sexual stage of a hydrozoan?

spore
polyp
coral
medusa

medusa

You are a scientist specializing in hydrozoans. You observe a species with many stolons. What will these stolons become?

eggs
polyps
medusas
sperm

polyps

You are a cancer researcher and you discover an on-off switch for the BRAF oncogene. What have you found?

DNA
rRNA
MiRNA
tRNA

MiRNA

If Shin Kubota’s hunch is correct, the key to Turritopsis dohrnii immortality lies where?

its bell
its mesoglea
its stolons
its tentacles

its tentacles

Sponges are most accurately described as

aquatic predators.
marine predators.
chemoautrophs.
freshwater scavengers.
filter feeders.

filter feeders.

Some species of rotifers consist solely of females. Their method of reproduction is described as _____.

binary fission
sperm-stealing
fragmentation
budding
parthenogenesis

parthenogenesis

Which of the following animal groups is entirely aquatic?

Platyhelminthes
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Crustacea
Mollusca

Echinodermata

Which clade in the phylum Cnidaria includes "jellies" with rounded (as opposed to boxlike) medusae?

Anthozoa
Scyphozoa
Hydrozoa
Cubozoa

Scyphozoa

Members of the phylum Mollusca _____.

have segmented bodies and paired, jointed appendages
have closed circulatory systems
have tentacles surrounding a central mouth/anus
are soft-bodied and often covered by a shell
are filter feeders

are soft-bodied and often covered by a shell

A shared derived characteristic for members of the arthropod subgroup that includes spiders would be the presence of

an open circulatory system.
chelicerae.
a cuticle.
a cephalothorax.
an exoskeleton.

chelicerae.

Which of the following is true of annelids?

They have an open circulatory system.
They have pseudocoeloms.
They have a gastrovascular cavity.
They perform gas exchange across their skin.
They have a nerve net.

They perform gas exchange across their skin.

Which of the following is characteristic of the phylum Platyhelminthes?

They typically reproduce asexually.
They are diploblastic.
They are radially symmetrical.
They are all parasitic.
They are dorsoventrally flattened.

They are dorsoventrally flattened.

How many of the following are characteristics of at least some members of the phylum Cnidaria?
1. a gastrovascular cavity
2. a polyp stage
3. a medusa stage
4. cnidocytes
5. a pseudocoelom

1
2 and 3
3, 4 and 5
1, 2, 3, and 4
All of the above are correct

1, 2, 3, and 4

The organ(s) of respiratory gas exchange in oligochaetes is (are)
Check all that apply

book lungs.
the skin.
gills.
pairs of hollow bristles.
parapodia.

the skin.

The excretory organs of annelids are

skin gills.
protonephridia.
malpighian tubules.
metanephridia.
flame bulbs.

metanephridia.

The water vascular system of echinoderms

functions in locomotion and feeding.
moves water through the animal’s body during suspension feeding.
is bilateral in organization, even though the adult animal is not bilaterally symmetrical.
functions as a circulatory system that distributes nutrients to body cells.
is analogous to the gastrovascular cavity of flatworms.

functions in locomotion and feeding.

A radula is present in members of which clade(s)?

bivalves and chitons
bivalves, gastropods and chitons
chitons, gastropods and cephalopods
bivalves, gastropods and cephalopods
bivalves

chitons, gastropods and cephalopods

In a tide pool, a student encounters an organism with a hard outer covering that contains much calcium carbonate, an open circulatory system, and gills. The organism could potentially be a crab, a shrimp, a barnacle, or a bivalve. The presence of which of the following structures would allow for the most certain identification of the organism?

eyes
a body cavity
a filter-feeding apparatus
a heart
a mantle

a mantle

Which phylum is characterized by animals that have a segmented body?

Cnidaria
Platyhelminthes
Porifera
Arthropoda
Mollusca

Arthropoda

A land snail, a clam, and an octopus all share

gills.
embryonic torsion.
a mantle.
a radula.
distinct cephalization.

a mantle.

Which of the following is a characteristic of cnidarians?

bilateral symmetry
gastrovascular cavity
an anus
mesoderm
radula

gastrovascular cavity

The animal phylum most like the protists that gave rise to the animal kingdom is _____.

Echinodermata
Ctenophora
Lycophyta
Cnidaria
Porifera

Porifera

What evidence suggests that vertebrates are more closely related to echinoderms than are any other invertebrate phyla?

Shared DNA sequences
Shared patterns of development
Shared morphology

Shared DNA sequences

Which of the following is a characteristic of nematodes?

They have a gastrovascular cavity.
Many species are diploblastic.
All species can be characterized as scavengers.
They have a true coelom.
They have only longitudinal muscles.

They have only longitudinal muscles.

Some invertebrates combine morphological simplicity with features of great structural or biochemical complexity. Select all correct examples of this statement.
Select all that apply.

Sponges lack true tissues but have more variation in cell type than animals in any other phylum.
Trematodes are acoelomates that have effective defenses against attack by their hosts’ immune system.
Cnidarians are diploblasts that produce complex, capsule-like organelles.

Trematodes are acoelomates that have effective defenses against attack by their hosts’ immune system. Cnidarians are diploblasts that produce complex, capsule-like organelles.

Select the correct statement(s) about invertebrate taxa.
Select all that apply.

Tapeworms lack a mouth and gastrovascular cavity.
Ectoprocts lack a distinct head.
Rotifers are smaller than many protists.

Tapeworms lack a mouth and gastrovascular cavity. Ectoprocts lack a distinct head. Rotifers are smaller than many protists.

Which of the following are thought to be most closely related to humans?

ants
snails
sea stars
earthworms
jellies

sea stars

A terrestrial animal species is discovered with the following larval characteristics: exoskeleton, system of tubes for gas exchange, and modified segmentation. A knowledgeable zoologist should predict that the adults of this species would also feature

two pairs of antennae.
an open circulatory system.
a sessile lifestyle.
parapodia.
eight legs.

an open circulatory system.

In terms of food capture, which sponge cell is most similar to the cnidocyte of a cnidarian?

epidermal cell
pore cell
choanocyte
amoebocyte

choanocyte

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