Which of the following correctly describes the meaning of albedo? |
The higher the albedo, the more light the surface reflects, and the less it absorbs |
Which of the following planets has the least substantial atmosphere? |
Mercury |
Why does Venus have such a great difference in temperature between its "no atmosphere" temperature and its actual temperature? |
It has a large amount of greenhouse gases in its atmosphere |
Earth’s stratosphere is heated primarily by which process? |
Absorption of ultraviolet radiation by ozone. |
What are greenhouse gases? |
gases that absorb infrared light |
X rays from the Sun’s corona? |
are absorbed in Earth’s thermosphere. |
The proper order of the layers of a generic atmosphere from lowest altitude to highest is? |
troposphere, stratosphere, thermosphere, exosphere |
What is the thermosphere? |
the part of the atmosphere that absorbs X rays |
Which of the following planets has an exosphere? |
Venus, Mars, Earth, and Mercury/ All of the above |
What is the troposphere? |
the lowest layer in the atmosphere |
Ultraviolet light is absorbed in the? |
stratosphere |
The sky is blue because? |
molecules scatter blue light more effectively than red light. |
Convection occurs in the troposphere but not in the stratosphere because? |
lower altitudes of the troposphere are warmer than higher altitudes, unlike in the stratosphere. |
There are no aurora on Venus because it? |
lacks a strong magnetic field |
How is the atmosphere of a planet affected by the rotation rate? |
Faster rotation rates produce stronger winds |
The strength of the Coriolis effect depends on? |
a planet’s size and rotation rate. |
Venus has a high albedo (reflectivity) because its surface is covered by? |
Clouds |
Which of the following best describes rain on Venus? |
It has sulfuric acid rain in its atmosphere, but the drops evaporate before hitting the surface. |
Where is most of the water on Mars? |
in its polar caps and subsurface ground ice |
What is the main reason mountaintops are so cold? |
Mountaintops are above much of the greenhouse gas in the atmosphere |
The atmosphere on Mercury is due to? |
bombardment |
Venus may have started with an ocean’s worth of water. Where is its water now? |
The water was lost when ultraviolet light broke apart water molecules and the hydrogen escaped to space. |
Which of the following is not a product of outgassing? |
oxygen |
Why does the burning of fossil fuels increase the greenhouse effect on Earth? |
Burning releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere |
Of the four gases CO2, H2O, N2, and O2, which are greenhouse gases? |
CO2 and H2O |
What are oxidation reactions? |
reactions that remove oxygen from the atmosphere, such as fire and rust |
If Earth were to warm up a bit, what would happen? |
Carbonate materials would form in the oceans more rapidly, the atmospheric CO2 content would decrease, and the greenhouse effect would weaken slowly over time. |
Geological evidence points to a history of extended ice ages in Earth’s history. How did Earth recover from this snowball phase? |
Volcanoes continued to inject CO2 into Earth’s atmosphere, increasing the greenhouse effect to the point where ice melted |
Astronomy 101 Ch 10
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