ART- Mid-term (1.1 – 1.4)

Louise Nevelson’s work White Vertical Water is a realistic depiction of fish in a river.

False

Leonardo da Vinci was an artist who rigidly stuck to traditional methods and rules of art.

False

The pose, facial expression, and landscape background of Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa communicate to the viewer a mood of

calm and introspection

The rarity of an artwork, and its value, are often closely related.

True

The Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. is valuable because

Lincoln is a symbol of American values and identity

Girl with a Pearl Earring was painted by this Dutch artist.

Johannes Vermeer

The elements of art form the basic ________ of art.

vocabulary

The principles of design are a kind of ________ that artists apply to the elements of art.

grammar

A flat work of art has two dimensions: ________ and width.

height

The dark printed words on the page of a book are easily read because they are printed on a light ground. This is an example of the principle of ________.

contrast

One definition of this element is "a mark that connects two points."

line

The line that defines the edge of a shape is called the

boundary

The lines that create the image of the Nazca Spider "drawing" define the ________ of a ________.

boundary . . . shape

Pick the three words that would best describe a regular line

controlled geometric cool-headed

Three words that can describe irregular line are:

loose wild chaotic

A line that is a continuous mark is ________.

an actual line

A line that gives viewers the impression that they are seeing a line where there is not a continuous mark is ________.

an implied line

By orienting lines so that they attract attention to a specific area of a work of art the artist is using ________.

directional line

A contour line defines the outer edge or profile of an object, and can be used to suggest a volume in space.

True

horizontal line

calm

diagonal line

action

vertical line

strength

If vertical lines communicate strength, horizontals calm, and diagonals action, then a vacation resort might want to choose a logo consisting of ________ lines in order to show peaceful repose.

horizontal

A shape made of perfectly straight lines would probably be classified as ________ shape.

a geometric

This type of shape is composed of unpredictable, irregular lines.

organic

A shape on a flat picture surface that is defined by surrounding empty space is known as ________ shape.

a positive

An empty space defined by its surround is known as ________ shape.

a negative

In a two-dimensional work, when the figure becomes the background and the background becomes the figure, we perceive ________.

a figure-ground reversal

The positive and negative shapes in M. C. Escher’s print Sky and Water I balance each other and are an example of ________.

figure-ground reversal

A two-dimensional object is called a shape, and a three-dimensional object is known as a ______.

form

Because it is three-dimensional, a form has these three spatial measurements: height, width, and ________.

depth

These four visual elements of art—form, volume, mass, and texture—are present in ________ works of art.

three-dimensional

Forms such as pyramids, which tend to be precise and regular, are known as ________ forms.

geometric

The artist David Smith created sculptures of geometric forms. In his work Cubi XIX , Smith used the following geometric shapes:

cuboids

Forms that tend to be irregular, and similar to naturally occurring objects, are known as ________ forms.

organic

A three-dimensional surface that is designed to be viewed from only one direction is known as a ________.

relief

This type of relief, which takes its name from the French word for low, does not imply great depth.

bas-relief

A sculpture designed in the round can be viewed from ________.

nearly every angle

The element of art that defines the amount of space occupied by an object is ________.

volume

The visual impact of the Olmec sculpture of a Colossal Head (1.40 ) is directly related to its mass.

True

This term refers to the substance contained in an object, but it does not necessarily imply weight.

mass

Our experience of objects in the natural world often leads us to assume that a large object will be heavy, but in fact this is not necessarily the case. This element of art is called ________.

mass

Because a form exists in "real" space we can experience it not only visually, but also through the sense of ________.

touch

When we touch an object we experience a tactile sensation that artists refer to as ________ texture.

actual

The lightness or darkness of a surface is the element of art called ________.

value

Artists can create a sense of ________ by using light and dark values.

depth

Triangular planes make up the surface of a geodesic sphere. Planes that are closer to and facing toward the light source tend to be lighter than planes that are further from it and facing away.

True

This method of applying value to a two-dimensional artwork in order to create the illusion of three dimensional solid form is called _____.

chiaroscuro

The process of using a series of parallel lines set close to one another to differentiate planes of value in a work of art is called ________.

hatching

Hatching and cross-hatching use two-dimensional lines to communicate ________ depth.

three-dimensional

An artist can use color to indicate depth. When a color is very pure and intense then it seems to be ______.

closer

When objects are far away they lack contrast, detail, and sharpness of focus because of the interference of air. Artists take advantage of this when they use the process called:

atmospheric perspective

This system, which derives its name from the Greek meaning "equal measure," uses diagonal parallel lines to communicate depth.

isometric perspective

This is the system for creating an illusion of depth using three basic components: horizon line, vanishing point, and convergence lines.

linear perspective

One-point perspective does convey depth, but it has limited applications due to its reliance on a single ________.

vanishing point

This is the area that is visible when a viewer is staring at a fixed point in space.

cone of vision

If you are looking straight ahead, an object that is behind you is in your cone of vision.

False

When the rules of perspective are applied in order to represent unusual points of view, we call this ________.

foreshortening

an artist were to draw a figure whose arm was pointing directly toward the viewer, what technique would the artist have to use when drawing the outstretched arm?

foreshortening

This is the most vivid element of art and design.

color

This object can be used to separate white light into the colors of the spectrum.

prism

Physicists have explained that when we see a color, it is the portion of the light spectrum that a surface fails to _____.

absorb

If you were to look at a t-shirt that absorbed the colors violet, blue, green, yellow, and orange, what color would the t-shirt appear to be?

red

The traditional primary colors are ________.

red, yellow, blue

When ________ colors are mixed, they make a duller and darker color because more of the visible spectrum is absorbed.

subtractive

The term used for referring to the basic colors of the spectrum is ________.

hue

The element of art that describes the relative lightness or darkness of a hue, compared to another hue, is known as ______.

value

A color that is lighter than its basic hue is known as a tint. A color that is darker than its basic hue is called a ________.

shade

An artwork that uses many hues but only one value is called monochromatic.

False

We generally associate a color with its purest, most intense state, or its highest level of ______.

saturation

A color that is almost gray has a ________ saturation.

low

Colors that are on opposite sides of a color circle are radically different in wavelength and are called ________.

complementary colors

If you were to design an eye-catching poster using only two colors, the combination that would most stand out to passersby would be ________.

red and green

Colors that do not contrast strongly with each other, and which are similar in wavelength, are ________ colors.

analogous

When a color is associated with hot or cold we refer to this as color ________.

temperature

We see this type of color when the brain receives so much color information that it is forced to simplify what we perceive.

optical color

The French artist Georges Seurat employed a new technique to create a jewel-like diffusion of light and vibration of color in his work The Circus . This type of painting, made up of small dots of color, is known as ________.

pointillism

Most commercial color printing is achieved using four separate colors, represented by the matrix ________.

CMYK

If you were to choose the color scheme for a health retreat, red would be a good color to pick.

False

Color affects the way we think and react to the world, and can be used for healing purposes. This practice is called ________.

chromotherapy