Art History – chapter 9

Who was the founder of the "New Rome" of the East?

Constantine

Which of the following features is of Byzantine origin and was never incorporated in San Vitale?

iconostasis

The dome of the Hagia Sophia is supported by __________.

pendentives.

The medium used for the icon of the Virgin and Child between St. Theodore and St. George is which of the
following?

encaustic

Theodora’s presence in the mosaic program of San Vitale indicates her importance and unique position within
the court of Justinian. The representation of the Three Magi on the border of her robe also suggests she
__________________.

belongs in the elevated company

Justinian’s position on the north wall of the apse of San Vitale is somewhat ambiguous. He
appears to be slightly behind the bishop, yet the paten he carries overlaps the bishop’s arm. This indicates the
___________________.

balance between Church and State

The flight of Byzantine scholars in 1453, introduced the study of classical Greek into Italy. Which of the
following accounts for this?

the fall of Byzantium

The nave of the Hagia Sophia was exclusively reserved for the clergy. The laity or congregation was confined
to the aisles and galleries. Based on this information, what accounts for the symbolical unity of Church and
State?

the emperor was the only layperson privileged to enter the sanctuary

What region did Byzantium Christianize?

Russia

What church combines the intricacies of Greek theology, the ambitious architectural scale of Rome, the
vaulting tradition of the Near East, and the mysticism of Eastern Christianity in order to create a monument
that is the summation of antiquity and the triumph of Christianity?

Hagia Sophia

The mosaic program found in the apse of San Vitale supports the Byzantine theme of the holy ratification of
Church and State. The presence of which figures in the mosaic program supports this theme?

Christ and Justinian

The images and symbols found in the sanctuary from San Vitale express the single theme of _________.

Christ’s redemption of humanity

The monastic movement began in __________ in the third century.

Egypt

It is said the Ascension from the Rabbula Gospels is not an illustration of the Gospels but rather an
illumination. Which of the following validates this assertion?

the presence of the Virgin

Where would a squinch most likely be found?

supporting a dome

The seventh and eighth centuries were a period of turmoil for Byzantium. This period saw the loss of the
Eastern provinces to conquest under the banner of Islam. These events persuaded Emperor Leo III that God
was punishing the Empire for its idolatrous worship of icons. Based on this what did Leo III initiate?

He formally prohibited the use of images.

In place of images the iconoclasts used only symbolic forms already familiar in Early Christian art. Which of
the following symbolic forms would be acceptable?

vacant Throne of God

Basil I undertook the repair of damage done during the Iconoclasm. How was this repair initiated?

by dedicating a new mosaic in Hagia Sophia

The dome on the Katholikon, Hosios Loukas is formed by ____________

squinches

The image of Christ as the Pantokrator refers to his role as ___________.

Last Judge

The Middle Byzantine artist assimilated classicism’s simplicity, dignity, and grace and synthesized it with
Byzantine piety and pathos. Which of the following follows this formula?

Crucifixion, Church of the Dormition, Daphni

Whose relics were obtained from Egypt for Venice?

St. Mark

The interior mosaic program for St. Mark’s has explanatory labels written in both Greek and Latin. What
accounts for this?

t reflects Venice’s position as a link between East and West.

In the cathedral of Monreale, a mosaic panel depicts William II standing next to the Enthroned Christ, who, in
turn, places his hand on William’s crown. Based on this theme, does this panel commemorate?

the divine right to rule.

In the semi-dome of the apse, the architectural focus of the cathedral of Monreale is another allusion to
William’s right to rule. Which of the following figures would support that allusion?

the Pantokrator

The emotional impact of Christ’s death can be seen in the wall painting of the Lamentation over the Dead
Christ found in St. Pantaleimon, Nerezi. Which two figures in the painting support this assertion by their
gestures?

Mary and John

The so-called "Macedonian Renaissance" is reflected in the Paris Psalter. Which of the following supports
this assertion?

It was inspired by Hellenistic naturalism of the pre-Christian world.

Which of the following events changed the fortunes of Byzantium in the final or Late Byzantine period?

the Seljuk Turks captured most of Anatolia

What accounts for the fragmentary knowledge of Byzantine art prior to the ninth century?

The Iconoclasm