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Virginia Plan |
Also known as the Large-State Plan, set the tone for the Constitutional Convention of 1787 with a proposal for a bicameral legislature with a population-weighted representation |
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Connecticut Compromise |
The agreement between large and small states during the Constitutional Convention of 1787, kept a bicameral legislature with a population-weighted representation at the lower level (House) and an equal representation at the upper level (Senate) |
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3/5 Compromise |
The agreement between Southern and Northern states during the Constitutional Convention of 1787, counted three-fifths of a slave for representation purposes (taxation, voting) |
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Federalists |
Supported a strong central government, advocated the ratification of the new constitution; included Alexander Hamilton |
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Antifederalists |
Opposed a strong central government, skeptical about undemocratic tendencies in the Constitution, insisted on Bill of Rights; included Thomas Jefferson and James Monroe |
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Federalist Papers |
A compilation of articles advocating the ratification of the Constitution, main authors included Alexander Hamilton and James Madison |
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Alexander Hamilton |
Key delegate at the Constitutional Convention of 1787, first Secretary of the Treasury, lead Federalist Party, wrote much of the Federalist Papers |
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John Jay |
First Chief Justice of the United States, negotiated peace terms with Britain, wrote some of the Federalist Papers |
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James Madison |
The "father of the constitution," wrote much of the Federalist papers, organized the Democratic-Republican party with Thomas Jefferson |
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Bill of Rights |
First ten amendments to the Constitution, guaranteeing civil rights for American citizens as forced by Antifederalists, drafted by a group led by James Madison |
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Judiciary Act of 1789 |
Adopted in the first session of the First United States Congress, created the federal court system |
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Executive Departments |
The oldest primary units of the executive branch of the US, including State, War, and Treasury departments, all established in 1789 |
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Attorney General |
Head of the Justice Department, chief law enforcement officer of the United States |
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Bank of the United States |
Proposed by Secretary of Treasury Alexander Hamilton at the First Congress, for the most part supported by the north and critiqued by the south |
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Whiskey Rebellion |
Demonstrated the ability of the national government to suppress violent resistance to its laws, also fostered formation of political parties (opposed by Jefferson’s Republican Party, opposing Hamilton’s Federalist Party) |
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Citizen Genet |
French ambassador to the United States during the French Revolution |
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Jay’s Treaty |
A treaty between the United States and Great Britain, resolving some issues remaining since the Treaty of Paris of 1783 |
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Pinckney’s Treaty |
A treaty between the United States and Spain, defining boundaries and giving the US the Mississippi River |
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XYZ Affair |
French attempt to bribe the United States by demanding money before discussing French seizure of neutral American ships |
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John Adams |
Second president of the United States, a federalist, nominated George Washington to be commander-in-chief in 1775 |
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Democratic-Republicans |
Founded by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison mainly to oppose programs of Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton |
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Alien and Sedition Acts |
Laws seeking to restrict activities of anyone opposed to Federalist policies |
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Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions |
Formal statements written by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, Kentucky and Virginia legislatures claimed the Alien and Sedition Acts unconstitutional, argued states’ rights and strict constructionism |
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Aaron Burr |
Served as Vice President under Jefferson, killed his political rival Alexander Hamilton in a duel |
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Election of 1800 |
Election in which Vice President Thomas Jefferson defeated President John Adams, realigning the rule of the Democratic-Republican party and fostering the fall of the Federalists |
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