Seattle General Strike (1919) |
A strike that arose from the general discontent that many workers felt post-WWI. Contributed to red scare, and was denounced as a communist movement. The Mayor threatened to use armed police. |
Red Scare |
Widespread fear of communism and other politically radical ideas. |
(A. Mitchell) Palmer |
Attorney General who rounded up many suspects who were thought to be un-American and socialistic; he was nicknamed the "Fighting Quaker" until a bomb destroyed his home; he then had a nervous breakdown and became known as the "Quaking Fighter." |
Palmer Raids (1919) |
Raids led by influential attorney-general of the time on houses of suspected communists/radicals. |
Sacco and Vanzetti |
These were two Italian immigrants who were arrested in connection with a shooting in Massachusetts. After a controversial trial, which many deemed unfair, they were sentenced to death. |
KKK |
Racist, anti-immigrant clan that held much influence in the 1920s. Used violence and scare tactics to achieve its goals. (Was HORRIFIC) |
isolationism |
A term that describes America’s withdrawn attitude in the 1920s. |
Emergency Quota Act of 1921 |
1921 legislation that limited immigration to 3% of the people of their nationality living in the US in 1910. |
Immigration Act of 1924 |
This was passed in 1924–cut quotas for foreigners from 3 % to 2% of the total number of immigrants in 1890–purpose was to freeze America’s existing racial composition –prevented Japanese from immigrating, causing outrage in Japan. |
prohibition |
The banning of the sale and consumption of all alcoholic products. |
18th Amendment (1918) |
Constitutional amendment that banned the sale and consumption of alcohol. |
Volstead Act (1919) |
This law established a Prohibition Bureau within the Treasury Department. It was under-budgeted and largely ineffective, especially in strongly anti-prohibition states |
speakeasies |
"Bars" of the prohibition era; these were illicit places of social gathering. |
"the noble experiment" |
A derisive name given to the prohibition movement, which called attention to the unlikelihood of its success. |
bootlegging |
The act of making and transporting alcoholic liquor for sale illegally |
Al Capone |
Nicknamed "Scarface" and one of the most notorious gangsters in history, this man earned the title of "Public Enemy No. 1" for his many illegal exploits in Chicago. |
gangsters |
Violent organized crime members who took over the job of supplying alcohol to speakeasies. |
(John) Dewey |
United States pragmatic philosopher who advocated progressive education (1859-1952) |
Fundamentalism |
Literal interpretation and strict adherence to basic principles of a religion (or a religious branch, denomination, or sect). |
(Billy) Sunday |
American fundamentalist minister; he used colorful language and powerful sermons to drive home the message of salvation through Jesus and to oppose radical and progressive groups. |
Scopes Trial |
A highly publicized trial in 1925 in which a teacher violated a Tennessee state law by teaching evolution in high school. In the trial, William Jennings Bryan argued on the side of fundamentalism, while Clarence Darrow argued for evolution. |
(Clarence) Darrow |
Defended John Scopes during the Scopes Trial. He argued that evolution should be taught in schools. |
The Man Nobody Knows |
1925 book by advertiser Bruce Barton- set forth provocative thesis that Jesus was the greatest adman of all time. |
(Babe) Ruth |
"The Sultan of Swat!" "The Great Bambino!" "The Colossus of Clout!" This man was one of the most famous baseball players in history; Reflected a new trend of celebrating sports heroes in the 1920s. |
(Jack) Dempsey |
United States prizefighter who was world heavyweight champion (1895-1983) |
(Henry) Ford |
United States manufacturer of automobiles who pioneered mass production (1863-1947) |
(Frederick) Taylor |
American mechanical engineer, who wanted to improve industrial efficiency. He is known as the father of scientific management, and was one of the first management consultants |
scientific management |
A management theory using efficiency experts to examine each work operations and find ways to minimize the time needed to complete it |
Model T |
First affordable car built by Henry Ford; sturdy, reliable, inexpensive, only came in black |
Fordism |
A system of standardized mass production attributed to Henry Ford |
Wright Brothers |
These two siblings and bike mechanics created the first functioning flying machine. |
(Charles) Lindbergh |
This man achieved worldwide renown when he became the first person ever to complete a transatlantic flight. |
Jazz Age |
Name for the 1920s, because of the popularity of a new type of American music that combined African rhythms, blues, and ragtime. |
radio |
a communication system based on broadcasting electromagnetic waves |
Birth of a Nation |
Controversial but highly influential and innovative silent film directed by D.W. Griffith. It demonstrated the power of film propaganda and revived the KKK. |
The Jazz Singer |
1927 – The first movie with sound; this "talkie" was about the life of famous jazz singer; Al Jolson. |
(Margaret) Sanger |
United States nurse who campaigned for birth control and planned parenthood. |
flappers |
Carefree young women of the 1920s that behaved and dressed in a radical fashion |
(Sigmund) Freud |
(1856-1939) Founder of psychoanalysis, created the first comprehensive theory of personality. Tied many psychological processes to sexual desire. |
(Marcus) Garvey |
He led the Universal Negro Improvement Association and his "Back to Africa" movement inspired racial pride in the 1920s. |
Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) |
An association that promoted black pride and black unity. It also encouraged African Americans to move permanently to Africa. |
Lost Generation |
Group of writers in 1920s who shared the belief that they were lost in a greedy, materialistic world that lacked moral value. They often chose to flee to Europe |
(F. Scott) Fitzgerald |
One of the 20th-century’s literary stars, his writing chronicled the Jazz Age. He wrote "This Side of Paradise, and his novel "The Great Gatsby" is considered an American masterpiece. (Married a woman named Zelda!) |
(Ernest) Hemingway |
This American author saw combat in Italy. His "The Sun Also Rises" and "A Farewell to Arms" reflected postwar disillusionment. Ended up committing suicide. |
Harlem Renaissance |
A period in the 1920s when African-American achievements in art and music and literature flourished |
(Langston) Hughes |
A leading poet of the Harlem Renaissance. He wrote "The Negro Speaks of Rivers" and "My People" |
"on margin" |
To buy stock by paying only a fraction of the stock price and borrowing the rest. |
(Andrew) Mellon |
An American banker, industrialist, philanthropist, art collector and Secretary of the Treasury from March 4, 1921 until February 12, 1932. Believed in a government "hands-off" approach to the economy. |
APUSH The American Pageant Chapter 31 vocab
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