stagflation |
During the 60’s and 70’s, the U.S. was suffering from 5.3% inflation and 6% unemployment. Refers to the unusual economic situation in which an economy is suffering both from inflation and from stagnation of its industrial growth. |
Vietnamization |
President Richard Nixons strategy for ending U.S involvement in the vietnam war, involving a gradual withdrawl of American troops and replacement of them with South Vietnamese forces |
My Lai Massacre |
1968, in which American troops had brutally massacred innocent women and children in the village of My Lai, also led to more opposition to the war. |
Bombing of Cambodia |
Nixon said there were Vietcong and Vietminh troops in Cambodia, so we bombed the place since it was near South Vietnam, led to student strikes |
Kent State |
A student riot was shot upon, killing 3-4, in Kentucky. Riot in response to war in Vietnam |
26th Amendment |
Lowered the voting age from 21 to 18 |
Pentagon Papers |
A 7,000-page top-secret United States government report on the history of the internal planning and policy-making process within the government itself concerning the Vietnam War, led to public distrust, especially of Nixon |
Detente |
relaxation of tensions between the United States and its two major Communist rivals, the Soviet Union and China |
nixon visits c+r |
restoring diplomatic relations ==> detente |
SALT 1 |
Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty, a plan to limit nuclear arms and also increased trade and exchange of scientific information. |
NOW |
National Organization of Women, 1966, Betty Friedan first president, wanted Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) enforce its legal mandate to end sex discrimination |
The Warren Court |
Chief Justice Earl Warren's court from 1954-1969; controversial decisions: integration, rights of the accused, prayer in schools, redistricting for voting; "judicial activism" – the court is now legislating? |
Griswold v. Connecticut |
struck down a state law that banned the use of contraceptives, even by married couples, creating a "right to privacy." |
Miranda v. Arizona |
ruled that those who were arrested had to the "right to remain silent." |
The Burger Court– Roe v. Wade |
decision legalizing abortion |
Philadelphia Plan |
this plan forced any construction companies working on federal jobs in philadelphia to create plans for hiring more african american employees |
welfare |
financial or other assistance to an individual or family from a city, state, or national government |
Silent Spring |
A book written (Rachel Carson) to voice the concerns of environmentalists. Launched the environmentalist movement by pointing out the effects of civilization development. |
EPA |
an independent federal agency established to coordinate programs aimed at reducing pollution and protecting the environment |
OSHA |
Occupational Safety & Health Administration, A U.S. government agency that protects workers by setting and enforcing health and safety standards |
Watergate scandal |
A break-in at the Democratic National Committee offices in the Watergate complex in Washington was carried out under the direction of White House employees. Disclosure of the White House involvement in the break-in and subsequent cover-up forced President Nixon to resign in 1974 to avoid impeachment. |
CREEP |
Richard Nixon’s committee for re-electing the president. Found to have been engaged in a "dirty tricks" campaign against the democrats in 1972. They raised tens of millions of dollars in campaign funds using unethical means. They were involved in the infamous Watergate cover-up. |
War Powers Act |
Notify Congress within 48 hours of deploying troops; had to gain congress’ approval to stay longer than 90 days; designed to curtail President’s power |
Energy Crisis |
when Carter entered office inflation soared due to the increases in energy prices by OPEC. In the summer of 1979, instability in the Middle East produced a major fuel shortage in the US, and OPEC announced a major price increase. Facing pressure to act, Carter retreated to Camp David, the presidential retreat in the Maryland Mountains. Ten days later, Carter emerged with a speech including a series of proposals for resolving the energy crisis. |
OPEC |
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries; international cartel that inflates price of oil by limiting supply; Venezuela, Saudi Arabia and UAE are prominent members |
Gerald Ford |
president 1974-77, Nixon’s Vice president, only person not voted into the White House, appointed vice president by Nixon: became president after Nixon resigned |
Withdrawal from Vietnam |
WE LOSE THE GAME |
ERA |
Equal Rights Amendment, constitutional amendment passed by Congress but never ratified that would have banned discrimination on the basis of gender |
Three Mile Island |
Pennyslvania 1979 – A mechanical failure and a human error at this power plant in Pennsylvania combined to permit an escape of radiation over a 16 mile radius. |
APUSH Ch. 40 vocab
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