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impeachment |
A constitutional procedure by which federal judges and civil officers can be removed from office before their terms expire |
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25th Amendment |
Legislation that specifies the conditions and order of succession to the presidency and vice presidency when the president leaves office before completion of his term |
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"in-and-outers" |
People who alternate between jobs in the federal government and employment in the private sector |
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White House Office |
Presidential staff who oversee the policy interests of the president |
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veto message |
A statement sent to Congress by the president giving the reasons for vetoing a bill |
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prime minister |
The chief executive in a parliamentary system who is chosen by the legislature |
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executive privilege |
The presidential assertion of the right to withhold certain information from Congress |
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Office of Management and Budget |
The organization responsible for preparing the federal budget and for central clearance of legislative proposals from federal agencies |
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independent agencies |
Agencies headed by appointees who serve for fixed terms and can be removed only "for cause" |
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impoundment of funds |
A presidential refusal to spend money appropriated by Congress |
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Executive Office of the President |
Agencies that perform staff services for the president but are not part of the White House |
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line-item veto |
The right of some governors and the president in a limited way since 1996 to veto only portions of a bill instead of having to veto the entire bill (ended in 1998) |
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electoral college |
A legal system by which states select electors who then vote for the president and vice president |
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Article II |
A statement that defines the constitutional powers of the president |
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ad hoc structure |
A method of organizing a president’s staff in which several task forces, committees, and informal groups deal indirectly with the president |
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cabinet |
A president’s council of advisers |
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circular structure |
A method of organizing a president’s staff in which several presidential assistants report directly to the president |
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direct democracy |
A political system in which all or most citizens participate directly by either holding office or making policy |
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divided government |
A government in which one party controls the White House and another party controls one or both houses of Congress |
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lame duck |
A politician who is still in office after having lost a reelection bid |
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legislative veto |
The rejection of a presidential or administrative action by a vote of one or both houses of Congress without the consent of the president |
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representative democracy |
A political system in which leaders and representatives acquire political power by means of a competitive struggle for the people’s vote |
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unified government |
A government in which the same party controls the White House and both houses of Congress |
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perks |
The fringe benefits of holding an office |
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pocket veto |
A form of veto in which the president fails to sign a bill passed by both houses within ten days and Congress has adjourned during that time |
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pyramid structure |
A method of organizing a president’s staff in which most presidential assistants report through a hierarchy to the president’s chief of staff |
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