Anthro ch. 11

Eugene Dubois

The discovery of Pithecanthropus erectus (now known as Homo erectus) was:

Homo habilis

Stone tools were more common from archaeological sites of:

Modern anatomical features of the Nariokotome Boy include:

Relatively short arms and long legs

double arches

Homo erectus walked just like a modern human, with traits like:

1.2 may, from Sima del Elefante

The earliest fossil evidence for Homo erectus in Western Europe dates from:

Homo habilis

Homo rudolfensis is morphologically similar to:

2.5-1.0 mya

The earliest members of the genus Homo have been found dating from:

Homo habilis

The first evidence of modern human traits, including increasing brain size and dependence on material culture (tools) shows up in:

all of the above

Compared to australopithecines, Homo habilis is characterized by:

short legs

Homo habilis had traits that include:

tool use for obtaining and processing food

Homo habilis experienced a major shift to new environments that was characterized by:

1.8 mya- 300,000mya

Homo erectus fossils date to:

an increasing adaptive flexibility

A central theme of human evolution is:

short arms and longer legs than those of earlier hominids

The Nariokotome Boy discovered at Lake Turkana (Homo erectus) has modern human traits such as:

1.8-1.6 mya

The Homo erectus fossil from Sangiran, Java dates to:

1.7 mya

The Dmanisi B fossils from the Republic of Georgia are dated to:

thick cranial bones

African Homo erectus cranial features include:

A much larger brain

Homo erectus differed from earlier hominids in having traits such as:

Tall, with males about five feet nine and females about five feet three

Based on height calculations, of Homo erectus fossils, physical anthropologists estimate that their average height was:

increased protein in the diet

Compared to earlier hominids the increased body size in Homo erectus is likely due to:

meat eating started before Homo erectus (likely with scavenging) but increased with more advanced technology

Fossil evidence of cut marks made with stone tools at early hominid sites suggests that:

required more learning and skill to produces

Relative to Oldowan tools, Acheulean stone tools:

all of the above

Homo erectus skull morphology includes:

ranges from 650cc to 1,200 cc

Homo erectus’s cranial capacity:

contributed to geographical expansion and food production techniques in positive ways

The controlled use of fire by hominids:

Homo erectus shows a reduction in the size of the face relative to the brain case

What are the differences between Homo habilis and Homo erectus?

Changes in tool technology and increasing access to meat and other proteins.

Greater body size and facial gracility documented in Homo erectus are likely related to:

both a and b

Homo erector’s high degree of adaptive success is evidenced by its:

Shorter and less painful

Nonhuman primates have smaller brains: therefore the birthing process differs by being :

all of the above

Intermediate forms in the fossil record include:

transition

All fossils represent: