Anth 2301 Chapter 11 quiz

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A central theme of human evolution is:

an increasing adaptive flexibility.

African Homo erectus cranial features include:

thick cranial bones

Based on height calculations of Homo erectus fossils, physical anthropologists estimate that their average height was:

tall, with males about five feet nine and females about five feet three.

Compared to australopithecines, Homo habilis is characterized by:

AOTA: a smaller face, a bigger brain, a rounder and larger skull

Fossil evidence of cut marks made with stone tools at early hominid sites suggests that:

meat eating started before Homo erectus but increased with more advanced technology.

Greater body size and facial gracility documented in Homo erectus are likely related to:

changes in tool technology and increasing access to meat and other proteins.

Homo erectus skull morphology includes:

AOTA:a long, low, wide base. thick bones. large browridges.

Homo erectus walked just like a modern human, with traits like:

double arches and adducted big toe.

Homo erectus’s cranial capacity:

ranges from 650 cc to 1,200 cc.

Homo rudolfensis is morphologically similar to:

Homo habilis.

Nonhuman primates have smaller brains; therefore the birthing process differs by being:

shorter and less painful.

Relative to Oldowan tools, Acheulean stone tools:

required more learning and skill to produce.

Some Homo erectus specimens had very large and robust bones while others:

were gracile.

The Acheulean complex:

emerged around 1.8 mya.

The discoverer of Homo erectus was:

Eugène Dubois.

The earliest members of the genus Homo have been found dating from:

2.5-1.0 mya.

The first evidence of modern human traits, including increasing brain size and dependence on material culture shows up in:

homo hablis

The first hominid to migrate out of Africa was:

Homo erectus.

The most complete Homo erectus fossil from Sangiran, Java, dates to:

800,000 yBP.

The Nariokotome Boy discovered at Lake Turkana (Homo erectus) has modern human traits such as:

shorter arms and longer legs than those of earlier hominids.

The original name for Homo erectus was:

Pithecanthropus

What are the differences between Homo habilis and Homo erectus?

Homo erectus shows a reduction in the size of the face relative to the brain case.

What is the likely explanation for the rapid increase in body and brain size among Homo erectus?

greater access to protein and improved nutrition

Which species became increasingly specialized to foods requiring heavy chewing?

Australopithecus

Which two fossil species lived at the same time around 2.5-1 mya?

Homo habilis and Homo erectus

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