Anatomy Chapter 14 powerpoint

peripheral nervous system

PNS functionally divided into sensory and motor divisions 1) general visceral motor part 2) autonomic nervous system (ANS) - parasympathetic - sympathetic sensory receptors, nerves, ganglia, motor endings

XI

the spinal root of which cranial nerve pair innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles a) IV b) V c) VIII d) XI e) XII

VIII

Which cranial nerve, along with cranial nerve pair II, relays specific somatic sensory impulses a) I b) II c) IV d) V e) VIII

IV

of the cranial nerve pairs listed below, which nerve, along with XI and XII relay only somatic motor impulses a) I b) II c) IV d) V e) VIII

sensory receptors

pick up stimuli from inside or outside the body two main categories: 1) free nerve endings - monitor general sensory info 2) complete receptor cells - special sensory info location categories: 1) exteroceptors 2) interoceptors 3) proprioceptors stimulus detected categories: 1) mechanoreceptors 2) thermoreceptors 3) chemoreceptors 4) photoreceptors 5) nociceptors structure classification categories: 1) general sensory receptors

general sensory receptors

structure classification of sensory receptors nerve endings monitor touch, pressure, vibration, stretch, pain, temperature, proprioception divided into two groups: 1) free nerve endings 2) encapsulated nerve endings

exteroceptors

location of sensory receptors sensitive to stimuli arising from outside the body include receptors for touch, pressure, pain, and temperature

interoceptors

location of sensory receptors receive stimuli from internal viscera location: digestive tube, bladder, and lungs function: change chemical concentration, taste, stretching of tissues, temperature

proprioceptors

location of sensory receptors located in skeletal muscles, tendons, joints, and ligaments monitor degree of stretch send inputs on body movement to the CNS three types: 1) muscle spindles 2) intrafusal muscle fibers 3) anulospiral endings

muscle spindles

type of proprioceptor measure the changing length of a muscle embedded in the perimysium between muscle fascicles

intrafusal muscle fibers

type of proprioceptor modified skeletal muscle fibers located within muscle spindles

anulospiral endings

type of proprioceptor located around middle of intrafusal fibers are stimulated by rate and degree of stretch

nerves

bundles of peripheral axons

ganglia

clusters of peripheral neuronal cell bodies

motor endings

axon terminals of motor neurons innervate effectos

mechanoreceptors

stimulus detected from sensory receptor respond to mechanical forces - touch, pressure, stretch, vibration, and itch - baroreceptors - monitor blood pressure four types 1) Meissner's corpuscles 2) Pacinian corpuscles 3) bulbous corpuscles 4) proprioceptors

thermoreceptors

stimulus detected from sensory receptor respond to temperature change

chemoreceptors

stimulus detected from sensory receptor respond to chemicals in solution

photoreceptors

stimulus detected from sensory receptor responds to light located in the eye

nociceptors

stimulus detected from sensory receptor respond to harmful stimuli that result in pain

free nerve endings

general sensory receptor abundant in epithelia and underlying CT respond to pain and temperature two types 1) epithelial tactile complexes - receptor for light touch 2) hair follicle receptors - wrap around hair follicles

encapsulated nerve endings

general sensory receptor consist of one or more end fibers of sensory neurons enclosed CT contains the mechanoreceptors

meissners corpuscles

encapsulated nerve endings tactile corpuscle spiraling nerve ending surrounded by schwann cells OCCUR IN DERMAL PAPILLAE light touch receptors

lamellar corpuscles

encapsulated nerve endings single nerve ending surrounded by layers of flattened schwann cells occur in hypodermis sensitive to deep pressure - rapidly adapting receptors

bulbous corpuscles

encapsulated nerve endings located in the dermis and respond to pressue monitor continuous pressure on the skin - adapt slowly

spinal nerves

31 pairs - contain thousands of nerve fibers 8 Cervical 12 Thoracic 5 Lumbar 5 Sacral 1 Coccygeal connect to the spinal cord by the dorsal root and ventral root branch into dorsal ramus and ventral ramus - contain sensory and motor fibers

dorsal root

contains sensory fibers

ventral root

contains motor fibers arising from anterior gray column

dorsal rami

innervates back muscles follow a neat, segmented pattern - innervate a horizontal strip of muscle and skin

ventral rami

innervates thoracic region arranged in a simple pattern form nerve plexuses intercostal nerves - supply skin and abdomin

cervical plexus

located deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle formed by ventral rami of first four cervical nerves PHRENIC NERVE - INNERVATES DIAPHRAGM

brachial plexus

lies in the neck and axilla formed by ventral rami of C5-C8 upper limbs

musculocutaneous

main branch of the lateral cord innervates the biceps brachii and brachialis *LOCATION -

median

originates from both lateral and medial cords innervates anterior forearm muscles and lateral palm

ulnar

branches from the medial cord innervates intrinsic hand muscles and skin of the medial hand

lumbar plexus

femoral nerve - largest nerve branching smaller branches innervate the posterior abdominal wall and psoas muscle obturator nerve - innervates adductor muscles

sacral plexus

arises from spinal nerves L4-S4 caudal to the lumbar plexus sciatic nerve - largest nerve of the sacral plexus two nerves in one sheath 1) tibial nerve 2) common fibular nerve

sciatic nerve

two nerves in one sheath 1) tibial nerve - posterior lower limb 2) fibular nerve - anterolateral leg

dermatome

an area of skin innervated by spinal nerve skin is supplied by nerves of the brachial plexus

shingles

viral infection stems from childhood chicken pox stress

migraine headache

relates to sensory innervation of cerebral arteries - arteries dilate and compress and irritate sensory nerve endings TRIGEMINAL CRANIAL NERVE

peripheral neuropathy

pathological condition of peripheral nerves symptoms: pain, buring, loss of sensation, paresthesia muscle weakness, paralysis causes: trauma, HIV, diabetes

olfactory

what is the I cranial nerve

optic

what is the II cranial nerve

oculomotor

what is the III cranial nerve

trochlear

what is the IV cranial nerve

trigeminal

what is the V cranial nerve GIVES HEADACHES

abducens

what is the VI cranial nerve

facial

what is the VII cranial nerve

vestibulocochlear

what is the VIII cranial nerve

glossopharyngeal

what is the IX cranial nerve

vagus

what is the X cranial nerve

accessory

what is the XI cranial nerve

hypoglossal

what is the XII cranial nerve

visceral sensory
smell

Does the Olfactory nerve have sensory or motor function? what is the function?

somatic sensory
vision

does the Optic nerve have sensory or motor function? what is the function?

somatic motor
visceral motor

does the Oculomotor nerve have sensory or motor function?

movement of eyes

what is the somatic motor function in the Oculomotor nerve

controls lens
constricts pupil

what is the visceral motor function in the Oculomotor nerve

somatic motor

does the trochlear nerve have sensory or motor function

innervates superior oblique
eye movement

what is the somatic motor function of the Trochlear nerve

general somatic sensory
somatic motor

does the trigeminal nerve have sensory or motor function

trigeminal

what is the largest cranial nerve that has 3 divisions which pass through different foramens of the skull HEADACHES

innervates the face

what is the general somatic sensory function of the trigeminal nerve

contracts muscles to chew

what is the somatic motor function of the trigeminal nerve

somatic motor

does the abducens nerve have sensory or motor function

innervates lateral rectus

what is the somatic motor function of the abducens hint: names because it abducts the eye

general somatic sensory
general visceral sensory
somatic motor
visceral motor

does the facial nerve have sensory or motor function

innervates facial muscles

what is the somatic motor function of the facial nerve five major branches 1) temporal 2) zygomatic 3) buccal 4) mandibular 5) cervical

innervates glands

what is the visceral motor function of the facial nerve

taste

what is the general visceral sensory function of the facial nerve makes up 2/3 of the anterior tongue

small patch of skin on the ear

what is the general somatic sensory function of the facial nerve

somatic sensory
some somatic motor

does the vestibulocochlear nerve have sensory or motor function?

hearing
equilibrium

what is the somatic sensory function of the vestibulocochlear nerve

general somatic sensory
general visceral sensory
special visceral sensory
somatic motor
visceral motor

does the glossopharyngeal nerve have sensory or motor function?

taste

what is the special visceral sensory function of the glossopharyngeal nerve makes up 1/3 of the posterior tongue

resperation
blood pressure

what is the general visceral sensory function of the glossopharyngeal nerve

small patch of skin on external ear

what is the general somatic sensory function of the glossopharyngeal nerve

innervates pharynx
swallowing

what is the somatic motor function of the glossopharyngeal nerve

innervates salivary glands

what is the visceral motor function of the glossopharyngeal nerve

general somatic sensory
general visceral sensory
somatic motor
visceral motor

does the vagus nerve have sensory or motor function

somatic motor

does the accessory nerve have sensory or motor function

somatic motor

does the hypoglossal nerve have sensory or motor function

thoracic and abdominal viscera
respiration
blood pressure

what is the general visceral sensory function of the vagus nerve

taste buds on epiglottis

what is the special visceral sensory function of the vagus nerve

small patch of skin on external ear

what is the general somatic sensory function of the vagus nerve

innervates skeletal muscle of pharynx
swallowing

what is the somatic motor function of the vagus nerve

innervates heart, lungs, abdomin

what is the visceral motor function of the vagus nerve

innervates trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles

what is the somatic motor function of the accessory nerve hint: DOES NOT RISE FROM BRAIN STEM

innervates muscles of the tongue

what is the somatic motor function of the hypoglossal nerve hint: helps to speak

hypoglossal

origin: arise from a series of roots from the ventral medulla oblongata

hypoglossal

Pathway: exit the skull through the hypoglossal canal and travels to the tongue

accessory

origin: forms from ventral rootlets arising from C1-C5 of the spinal cord. Long considered to have both a cranial and a spinal portion, cranial rootlets have been shown to be part of the vagus nerves

accessory nerve

pathway: spinal rootlets merge to form the nerves, pass into the skull through the foramen magnum and exit the skull through the jugular foramen

vagus

origin: fibers emerge from medulla oblongata

vagus

pathway: fibers exit the skull through the jugular foramen and descend through the neck into the thorax and abdomen

glossopharyngeal

origin: fibers emerge from the medulla oblongata

glossopharyngeal

pathway: fibers pass through the jugular foramen and travel to the pharynx

facial

origin: fibers emerge from the pons, just lateral to abducens

vestibulocochlear

origin: sensory receptors in the inner ear for hearing and equilibrium

facial

pathway: fibers enter the temporal bone via the internal acoustic meatus and branch off to innervate the two salivary glands and tongue

vestibulocochlear

pathway: from the inner ear cavity within the temporal bone, fibers pass through the internal acoustic meatus merge to form the nerve and enter the brain stem at the pons

abducens

origin: in the inferior pons

abducens

pathway: pass through the superior orbital fissure to enter the orbit

trigeminal

origin: sensory receptors in the skin of face

trigeminal

pathway: through the skull: 1) superior orbital fissure 2) foramen rotundum 3) foramen ovale mandibular foramen cutaneous branch: 1) supraorbital foramen 2) infraorbital forament 3) mental forament

trochlear

origin: in the dorsal midbrain

trochlear

pathway: pass ventrally around the midbrain pass through the superior orbital fissure to enter the orbit

oculomotor

origin: ventral midbrain

oculomotor

pathway: pass through the superior orbital fissure to enter orbit innervate the iris and ciliary muscle

olfactory

origin: nasal cavity

olfactory

pathway: pass through the CRIBRIFORM foramina of the ethmoid bone to synapse the bulb

optic

origin: retina of the eye

optic

pathway: pass through the optic canal of the sphenoid bone

all of the above

which cranial nerves are involved in innervating the eye? a) oculomotor b) abducens c) trochlear d) oculomotor and abducens only e) all of the above

accessory an dglossopharyngeal

Which cranial nerve(s) is/are transmitted through the jugular foramina of the skull? a) accessory b) glossopharyngeal c) hypoglossal d) accessory and glossopharyngeal e) All of the listed responses are correct.

tongue movements during speech and swallowing

which answer choice correctly identifies functions of the hypoglossal nerve a) food mixing and manipulation by the tongue; somatic motor fibers to the trapezius muscle b) tongue movements during speech and swallowing c) innervation of skeletal muscles of the pharynx; parasympathetic innervation to pupil constrictor muscles d) special sensory fibers carry information about taste; parasympathetic fibers control tear production from the lacrimal gland

trigeminal

branches of the ______ cranial nerve are desensitized when a dentist gives a shot of Novocain which prevents pain impulse transmission from the teeth and gums

vestibulocochlear

the ______ nerve transmits afferent impulses for the special senses of hearing and balance

jugular foramen

through which hole in the skull do the glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory nerves pass? a) foramen ovale b) internal acoustic meatus c) foramen magnum d) jugular foramen

cranial nerves III,IV,VI

which nerves innervate muscles that move the eye a) Cranial nerves IV,V,VI b) Cranial nerves III,IV,VI c) cranial nerves II,III,IV d) cranial nerves II and III

olfactory and optic nerves

All except which two cranial nerves attach to the brain at the brainstem a) glossopharyngeal and hypoglossal nerves b) trigeminal and vagus nerves c) olfactory and optic nerves d) oculomotor and trochlear nerves

facial and vestibulocochlear

which cranial nerves pass through the internal acoustic meatus a) facial and vestibulocochlear nerves b) vestibulocochlear nerve and branches of trigeminal nerve c) glossopharyngeal, vagus, and accessory nerves d) oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves

they all transmit special sensory impulses

what do cranial nerves I, II, and VII have in common a) they all transmit gustatory (taste) impulses b) they all transmit special sensory impulses c) they all transmit general somatic motor impulses d) they all transmit visceral motor impulses

vagus

the _______ nerve is the only cranial nerve to innervate structures of the thoracic cavity and abdomen

double vision and reduced ability to rotate the eye inferolaterally

paralysis or damage to the trochlear nerve results in __________ a) the eyeball turning medially when at rest b) diminished ability to swallow c) double vision and reduced ability to rotate the eye inferolaterally d) diminished ability to speak e) loss of sympathetic motor innervation to the heart, lungs, and abdominal viscera

facial

if your patient had problems tasting on the anterior two thirds of his tongue, you would suspect damage to the _______ nerve

glossopharyngeal

the ______ nerve transmits parasympathetic visceromotor impulses to the parotid salivary gland and relays sensory impulses from chemoreceptors in the carotid body

directs somatic motor axons to four of the six extrinsic eye muscles and also transmits parasympathetic visceromotor impulses to pupillar constrictor muscle of the eye

the oculomotor nerve _____ a) directs somatic motor impulses to the superior oblique muscle b) rotates the eye inferolaterally c) directs somatic motor axons to four of the six extrinsic eye muscles and also transmits parasympathetic visceromotor impulses to pupillar constrictor muscle of the eye d) direct somatic motor impulses to the lateral rectus muscles and relays proprioceptive impulses from the same muscle to the brain e) directs visual impulses to the primary visual cortex

facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus

Identify ALL of the cranial nerves that transmit gustatory (taste) impulses a) trigeminal and facial b) hypoglossal, glossopharyngeal, and vagus c) trigeminal and hypoglossal d) only facial and glossopharyngeal e) facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus

each contain general visceral motor axons and are characterized as nerves of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system

cranial nerves III, VII, IX, and X a) are primarily or exclusively motor nerves that are comprised of somatic motor axons to skeletal muscles of the eye, neck, and tongue b) each contain general visceral motor axons and are characterized as nerves of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system

motor to the muscles of the tongue

which type of fibers are found in the hypoglossal nerve a) sensor and motor to the entire tongue b) motor to the muscles of the tongue c) sensory from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue; motor to extrinsic muscles of the tongue d) motor to the intrinsic muscles of the tongue

IV

which cranial nerve, along with the abducens and oculomotor nerves, has somatic motor fibers that pass through the superior orbital fissure

VIII

which cranial nerve pair has two sensory branches which both pass through the internal acoustic meatus

IV

which nerve, along with XI and XII relays only somatic motor impulses

II

which cranial nerve pair is characterized by somatic sensory fibers crossing at the ventral midline of the brain

IV

which cranial nerve pair along with nerve III has fibers that pass through the superior orbital fissure

XII

which cranial nerve pair, similar to cranial nerve II, runs through a canal that bears the same name

XII

damage to which cranial nerve pair can cause difficulties in speech and swallowing

VIII

damage to which cranial nerve pair can cause deafness and problems with equilibrium

V

which cranial nerve pair has three major branches, the maxillary, mandibular, and ophthalmic divisions LARGEST IN DIAMETER

XI

which cranial nerve pair along with the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves, exits through the jugular foramen

I

damage to which cranial nerve pair may result in anosmia

trochlear

cranial nerve that provides innervation to one of the extrinsic eye muscles

XI

what is the only cranial nerve that has fibers that enter and leave the skull through different foramen

IX and X

which cranial nerves have fibers that relay somatic motor impulses to pharyngeal muscles during swallowing a) IX and X b) V and XII c) I and II d) VI and VII

VII

a person that cannot blink or smile could have damage to this nerve

accessory

cranial nerve pair is comprised of ventral rootlets from C1-C5

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Anatomy Chapter 14 powerpoint

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peripheral nervous system

PNS functionally divided into sensory and motor divisions 1) general visceral motor part 2) autonomic nervous system (ANS) – parasympathetic – sympathetic sensory receptors, nerves, ganglia, motor endings

XI

the spinal root of which cranial nerve pair innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles a) IV b) V c) VIII d) XI e) XII

VIII

Which cranial nerve, along with cranial nerve pair II, relays specific somatic sensory impulses a) I b) II c) IV d) V e) VIII

IV

of the cranial nerve pairs listed below, which nerve, along with XI and XII relay only somatic motor impulses a) I b) II c) IV d) V e) VIII

sensory receptors

pick up stimuli from inside or outside the body two main categories: 1) free nerve endings – monitor general sensory info 2) complete receptor cells – special sensory info location categories: 1) exteroceptors 2) interoceptors 3) proprioceptors stimulus detected categories: 1) mechanoreceptors 2) thermoreceptors 3) chemoreceptors 4) photoreceptors 5) nociceptors structure classification categories: 1) general sensory receptors

general sensory receptors

structure classification of sensory receptors nerve endings monitor touch, pressure, vibration, stretch, pain, temperature, proprioception divided into two groups: 1) free nerve endings 2) encapsulated nerve endings

exteroceptors

location of sensory receptors sensitive to stimuli arising from outside the body include receptors for touch, pressure, pain, and temperature

interoceptors

location of sensory receptors receive stimuli from internal viscera location: digestive tube, bladder, and lungs function: change chemical concentration, taste, stretching of tissues, temperature

proprioceptors

location of sensory receptors located in skeletal muscles, tendons, joints, and ligaments monitor degree of stretch send inputs on body movement to the CNS three types: 1) muscle spindles 2) intrafusal muscle fibers 3) anulospiral endings

muscle spindles

type of proprioceptor measure the changing length of a muscle embedded in the perimysium between muscle fascicles

intrafusal muscle fibers

type of proprioceptor modified skeletal muscle fibers located within muscle spindles

anulospiral endings

type of proprioceptor located around middle of intrafusal fibers are stimulated by rate and degree of stretch

nerves

bundles of peripheral axons

ganglia

clusters of peripheral neuronal cell bodies

motor endings

axon terminals of motor neurons innervate effectos

mechanoreceptors

stimulus detected from sensory receptor respond to mechanical forces – touch, pressure, stretch, vibration, and itch – baroreceptors – monitor blood pressure four types 1) Meissner’s corpuscles 2) Pacinian corpuscles 3) bulbous corpuscles 4) proprioceptors

thermoreceptors

stimulus detected from sensory receptor respond to temperature change

chemoreceptors

stimulus detected from sensory receptor respond to chemicals in solution

photoreceptors

stimulus detected from sensory receptor responds to light located in the eye

nociceptors

stimulus detected from sensory receptor respond to harmful stimuli that result in pain

free nerve endings

general sensory receptor abundant in epithelia and underlying CT respond to pain and temperature two types 1) epithelial tactile complexes – receptor for light touch 2) hair follicle receptors – wrap around hair follicles

encapsulated nerve endings

general sensory receptor consist of one or more end fibers of sensory neurons enclosed CT contains the mechanoreceptors

meissners corpuscles

encapsulated nerve endings tactile corpuscle spiraling nerve ending surrounded by schwann cells OCCUR IN DERMAL PAPILLAE light touch receptors

lamellar corpuscles

encapsulated nerve endings single nerve ending surrounded by layers of flattened schwann cells occur in hypodermis sensitive to deep pressure – rapidly adapting receptors

bulbous corpuscles

encapsulated nerve endings located in the dermis and respond to pressue monitor continuous pressure on the skin – adapt slowly

spinal nerves

31 pairs – contain thousands of nerve fibers 8 Cervical 12 Thoracic 5 Lumbar 5 Sacral 1 Coccygeal connect to the spinal cord by the dorsal root and ventral root branch into dorsal ramus and ventral ramus – contain sensory and motor fibers

dorsal root

contains sensory fibers

ventral root

contains motor fibers arising from anterior gray column

dorsal rami

innervates back muscles follow a neat, segmented pattern – innervate a horizontal strip of muscle and skin

ventral rami

innervates thoracic region arranged in a simple pattern form nerve plexuses intercostal nerves – supply skin and abdomin

cervical plexus

located deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle formed by ventral rami of first four cervical nerves PHRENIC NERVE – INNERVATES DIAPHRAGM

brachial plexus

lies in the neck and axilla formed by ventral rami of C5-C8 upper limbs

musculocutaneous

main branch of the lateral cord innervates the biceps brachii and brachialis *LOCATION –

median

originates from both lateral and medial cords innervates anterior forearm muscles and lateral palm

ulnar

branches from the medial cord innervates intrinsic hand muscles and skin of the medial hand

lumbar plexus

femoral nerve – largest nerve branching smaller branches innervate the posterior abdominal wall and psoas muscle obturator nerve – innervates adductor muscles

sacral plexus

arises from spinal nerves L4-S4 caudal to the lumbar plexus sciatic nerve – largest nerve of the sacral plexus two nerves in one sheath 1) tibial nerve 2) common fibular nerve

sciatic nerve

two nerves in one sheath 1) tibial nerve – posterior lower limb 2) fibular nerve – anterolateral leg

dermatome

an area of skin innervated by spinal nerve skin is supplied by nerves of the brachial plexus

shingles

viral infection stems from childhood chicken pox stress

migraine headache

relates to sensory innervation of cerebral arteries – arteries dilate and compress and irritate sensory nerve endings TRIGEMINAL CRANIAL NERVE

peripheral neuropathy

pathological condition of peripheral nerves symptoms: pain, buring, loss of sensation, paresthesia muscle weakness, paralysis causes: trauma, HIV, diabetes

olfactory

what is the I cranial nerve

optic

what is the II cranial nerve

oculomotor

what is the III cranial nerve

trochlear

what is the IV cranial nerve

trigeminal

what is the V cranial nerve GIVES HEADACHES

abducens

what is the VI cranial nerve

facial

what is the VII cranial nerve

vestibulocochlear

what is the VIII cranial nerve

glossopharyngeal

what is the IX cranial nerve

vagus

what is the X cranial nerve

accessory

what is the XI cranial nerve

hypoglossal

what is the XII cranial nerve

visceral sensory
smell

Does the Olfactory nerve have sensory or motor function? what is the function?

somatic sensory
vision

does the Optic nerve have sensory or motor function? what is the function?

somatic motor
visceral motor

does the Oculomotor nerve have sensory or motor function?

movement of eyes

what is the somatic motor function in the Oculomotor nerve

controls lens
constricts pupil

what is the visceral motor function in the Oculomotor nerve

somatic motor

does the trochlear nerve have sensory or motor function

innervates superior oblique
eye movement

what is the somatic motor function of the Trochlear nerve

general somatic sensory
somatic motor

does the trigeminal nerve have sensory or motor function

trigeminal

what is the largest cranial nerve that has 3 divisions which pass through different foramens of the skull HEADACHES

innervates the face

what is the general somatic sensory function of the trigeminal nerve

contracts muscles to chew

what is the somatic motor function of the trigeminal nerve

somatic motor

does the abducens nerve have sensory or motor function

innervates lateral rectus

what is the somatic motor function of the abducens hint: names because it abducts the eye

general somatic sensory
general visceral sensory
somatic motor
visceral motor

does the facial nerve have sensory or motor function

innervates facial muscles

what is the somatic motor function of the facial nerve five major branches 1) temporal 2) zygomatic 3) buccal 4) mandibular 5) cervical

innervates glands

what is the visceral motor function of the facial nerve

taste

what is the general visceral sensory function of the facial nerve makes up 2/3 of the anterior tongue

small patch of skin on the ear

what is the general somatic sensory function of the facial nerve

somatic sensory
some somatic motor

does the vestibulocochlear nerve have sensory or motor function?

hearing
equilibrium

what is the somatic sensory function of the vestibulocochlear nerve

general somatic sensory
general visceral sensory
special visceral sensory
somatic motor
visceral motor

does the glossopharyngeal nerve have sensory or motor function?

taste

what is the special visceral sensory function of the glossopharyngeal nerve makes up 1/3 of the posterior tongue

resperation
blood pressure

what is the general visceral sensory function of the glossopharyngeal nerve

small patch of skin on external ear

what is the general somatic sensory function of the glossopharyngeal nerve

innervates pharynx
swallowing

what is the somatic motor function of the glossopharyngeal nerve

innervates salivary glands

what is the visceral motor function of the glossopharyngeal nerve

general somatic sensory
general visceral sensory
somatic motor
visceral motor

does the vagus nerve have sensory or motor function

somatic motor

does the accessory nerve have sensory or motor function

somatic motor

does the hypoglossal nerve have sensory or motor function

thoracic and abdominal viscera
respiration
blood pressure

what is the general visceral sensory function of the vagus nerve

taste buds on epiglottis

what is the special visceral sensory function of the vagus nerve

small patch of skin on external ear

what is the general somatic sensory function of the vagus nerve

innervates skeletal muscle of pharynx
swallowing

what is the somatic motor function of the vagus nerve

innervates heart, lungs, abdomin

what is the visceral motor function of the vagus nerve

innervates trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles

what is the somatic motor function of the accessory nerve hint: DOES NOT RISE FROM BRAIN STEM

innervates muscles of the tongue

what is the somatic motor function of the hypoglossal nerve hint: helps to speak

hypoglossal

origin: arise from a series of roots from the ventral medulla oblongata

hypoglossal

Pathway: exit the skull through the hypoglossal canal and travels to the tongue

accessory

origin: forms from ventral rootlets arising from C1-C5 of the spinal cord. Long considered to have both a cranial and a spinal portion, cranial rootlets have been shown to be part of the vagus nerves

accessory nerve

pathway: spinal rootlets merge to form the nerves, pass into the skull through the foramen magnum and exit the skull through the jugular foramen

vagus

origin: fibers emerge from medulla oblongata

vagus

pathway: fibers exit the skull through the jugular foramen and descend through the neck into the thorax and abdomen

glossopharyngeal

origin: fibers emerge from the medulla oblongata

glossopharyngeal

pathway: fibers pass through the jugular foramen and travel to the pharynx

facial

origin: fibers emerge from the pons, just lateral to abducens

vestibulocochlear

origin: sensory receptors in the inner ear for hearing and equilibrium

facial

pathway: fibers enter the temporal bone via the internal acoustic meatus and branch off to innervate the two salivary glands and tongue

vestibulocochlear

pathway: from the inner ear cavity within the temporal bone, fibers pass through the internal acoustic meatus merge to form the nerve and enter the brain stem at the pons

abducens

origin: in the inferior pons

abducens

pathway: pass through the superior orbital fissure to enter the orbit

trigeminal

origin: sensory receptors in the skin of face

trigeminal

pathway: through the skull: 1) superior orbital fissure 2) foramen rotundum 3) foramen ovale mandibular foramen cutaneous branch: 1) supraorbital foramen 2) infraorbital forament 3) mental forament

trochlear

origin: in the dorsal midbrain

trochlear

pathway: pass ventrally around the midbrain pass through the superior orbital fissure to enter the orbit

oculomotor

origin: ventral midbrain

oculomotor

pathway: pass through the superior orbital fissure to enter orbit innervate the iris and ciliary muscle

olfactory

origin: nasal cavity

olfactory

pathway: pass through the CRIBRIFORM foramina of the ethmoid bone to synapse the bulb

optic

origin: retina of the eye

optic

pathway: pass through the optic canal of the sphenoid bone

all of the above

which cranial nerves are involved in innervating the eye? a) oculomotor b) abducens c) trochlear d) oculomotor and abducens only e) all of the above

accessory an dglossopharyngeal

Which cranial nerve(s) is/are transmitted through the jugular foramina of the skull? a) accessory b) glossopharyngeal c) hypoglossal d) accessory and glossopharyngeal e) All of the listed responses are correct.

tongue movements during speech and swallowing

which answer choice correctly identifies functions of the hypoglossal nerve a) food mixing and manipulation by the tongue; somatic motor fibers to the trapezius muscle b) tongue movements during speech and swallowing c) innervation of skeletal muscles of the pharynx; parasympathetic innervation to pupil constrictor muscles d) special sensory fibers carry information about taste; parasympathetic fibers control tear production from the lacrimal gland

trigeminal

branches of the ______ cranial nerve are desensitized when a dentist gives a shot of Novocain which prevents pain impulse transmission from the teeth and gums

vestibulocochlear

the ______ nerve transmits afferent impulses for the special senses of hearing and balance

jugular foramen

through which hole in the skull do the glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory nerves pass? a) foramen ovale b) internal acoustic meatus c) foramen magnum d) jugular foramen

cranial nerves III,IV,VI

which nerves innervate muscles that move the eye a) Cranial nerves IV,V,VI b) Cranial nerves III,IV,VI c) cranial nerves II,III,IV d) cranial nerves II and III

olfactory and optic nerves

All except which two cranial nerves attach to the brain at the brainstem a) glossopharyngeal and hypoglossal nerves b) trigeminal and vagus nerves c) olfactory and optic nerves d) oculomotor and trochlear nerves

facial and vestibulocochlear

which cranial nerves pass through the internal acoustic meatus a) facial and vestibulocochlear nerves b) vestibulocochlear nerve and branches of trigeminal nerve c) glossopharyngeal, vagus, and accessory nerves d) oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves

they all transmit special sensory impulses

what do cranial nerves I, II, and VII have in common a) they all transmit gustatory (taste) impulses b) they all transmit special sensory impulses c) they all transmit general somatic motor impulses d) they all transmit visceral motor impulses

vagus

the _______ nerve is the only cranial nerve to innervate structures of the thoracic cavity and abdomen

double vision and reduced ability to rotate the eye inferolaterally

paralysis or damage to the trochlear nerve results in __________ a) the eyeball turning medially when at rest b) diminished ability to swallow c) double vision and reduced ability to rotate the eye inferolaterally d) diminished ability to speak e) loss of sympathetic motor innervation to the heart, lungs, and abdominal viscera

facial

if your patient had problems tasting on the anterior two thirds of his tongue, you would suspect damage to the _______ nerve

glossopharyngeal

the ______ nerve transmits parasympathetic visceromotor impulses to the parotid salivary gland and relays sensory impulses from chemoreceptors in the carotid body

directs somatic motor axons to four of the six extrinsic eye muscles and also transmits parasympathetic visceromotor impulses to pupillar constrictor muscle of the eye

the oculomotor nerve _____ a) directs somatic motor impulses to the superior oblique muscle b) rotates the eye inferolaterally c) directs somatic motor axons to four of the six extrinsic eye muscles and also transmits parasympathetic visceromotor impulses to pupillar constrictor muscle of the eye d) direct somatic motor impulses to the lateral rectus muscles and relays proprioceptive impulses from the same muscle to the brain e) directs visual impulses to the primary visual cortex

facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus

Identify ALL of the cranial nerves that transmit gustatory (taste) impulses a) trigeminal and facial b) hypoglossal, glossopharyngeal, and vagus c) trigeminal and hypoglossal d) only facial and glossopharyngeal e) facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus

each contain general visceral motor axons and are characterized as nerves of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system

cranial nerves III, VII, IX, and X a) are primarily or exclusively motor nerves that are comprised of somatic motor axons to skeletal muscles of the eye, neck, and tongue b) each contain general visceral motor axons and are characterized as nerves of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system

motor to the muscles of the tongue

which type of fibers are found in the hypoglossal nerve a) sensor and motor to the entire tongue b) motor to the muscles of the tongue c) sensory from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue; motor to extrinsic muscles of the tongue d) motor to the intrinsic muscles of the tongue

IV

which cranial nerve, along with the abducens and oculomotor nerves, has somatic motor fibers that pass through the superior orbital fissure

VIII

which cranial nerve pair has two sensory branches which both pass through the internal acoustic meatus

IV

which nerve, along with XI and XII relays only somatic motor impulses

II

which cranial nerve pair is characterized by somatic sensory fibers crossing at the ventral midline of the brain

IV

which cranial nerve pair along with nerve III has fibers that pass through the superior orbital fissure

XII

which cranial nerve pair, similar to cranial nerve II, runs through a canal that bears the same name

XII

damage to which cranial nerve pair can cause difficulties in speech and swallowing

VIII

damage to which cranial nerve pair can cause deafness and problems with equilibrium

V

which cranial nerve pair has three major branches, the maxillary, mandibular, and ophthalmic divisions LARGEST IN DIAMETER

XI

which cranial nerve pair along with the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves, exits through the jugular foramen

I

damage to which cranial nerve pair may result in anosmia

trochlear

cranial nerve that provides innervation to one of the extrinsic eye muscles

XI

what is the only cranial nerve that has fibers that enter and leave the skull through different foramen

IX and X

which cranial nerves have fibers that relay somatic motor impulses to pharyngeal muscles during swallowing a) IX and X b) V and XII c) I and II d) VI and VII

VII

a person that cannot blink or smile could have damage to this nerve

accessory

cranial nerve pair is comprised of ventral rootlets from C1-C5

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