life structure |
Life structure is the combination of statuses, roles, activities, goals, values, beliefs, and life circumstances that characterize an individual |
early adulthood |
Early adulthood is the first era of adulthood, spanning ages 17 through 39 |
middle adulthood |
Middle adulthood is the second era of adulthood, spanning the ages of 40 through 59. |
late adulthood |
Late adulthood is the third and last era of adulthood, spanning ages 65 and over |
novice phases |
Novice phase is a term proposed by Daniel Levinson and his colleagues for the first three stages of the early adulthood era. |
mentor |
A mentor is someone who fosters an individual’s development by believing in the person, sharing the person’s dreams, and helping the person achieve those dreams |
Also known as the novice phase |
early adulthood |
Levinson placed the greatest weight on the five periods of adulthood. What are these five periods? |
The early adult transition, entering the adult world, the age 30 transition, the settling down period, and the midlife transition |
What is the major difference between men and women when they are entering adulthood |
For many women, the emphasis is less on career and more on marriage |
middle adulthood |
ages 40-59 |
Name the three basic eras of adulthood and name the distinct periods that are within each one. |
Early adulthood, middle adulthood, and late adulthood. Each era begins with a transitional period followed by alternating stable and transitional periods |
Daniel Levinson found that men and women |
all of the above |
The bridge between adolescence and adulthood, leaving home and full-time work for the first time is associated with which transition period? |
early adult transition |
The age 30 transition can be a difficult period because |
divorces are common. shift in the direction for future developments. make a place for themselves in the adult world. |
The midlife transition is characterized by |
self-examination. a midlife crisis. |
The mentor is usually a peer of the individual that acts as a role model and helps the individual get started in adult life |
false |
The first stage of the middle adulthood era, called the midlife transition, serves as the bridge between early and middle adulthood |
true |
The whole phase of early adulthood is also known as the novice phase |
false |
A life structure is |
a combination of statuses, roles, and activities. a combination of activities, goals, and values. a combination of beliefs and life circumstances that characterize an individual. |
Phase III of female development reveals that |
women seek employment once again. women develop a commitment to their careers while their husbands are doubting their own careers |
There are ____ phases in the adult female development |
three |
labor force |
The term labor force refers to all individuals 16 and older who are employed in paid positions or who are seeking paid employment |
profession |
A profession is a high-status occupation that requires specialized skills obtained through formal education |
unemployment |
Unemployment is a situation that occurs when people do not have jobs but are actively seeking employment |
unemployment rate |
the unemployment rate is a percentage of the civilian labor force that is unemployed but actively seeking employment |
According to opinion polls and social-science research, more than half of workers in the United States are satisfied with their jobs |
true |
What are the jobs most commonly held by American workers, and which gender holds these jobs? |
The most commonly held jobs are managerial and professional specialty jobs and more men hold these type of jobs than females |
The majority of women in the workforce work in technical, sales, and administrative support |
true |
The majority of Americans hold service occupations jobs |
false |
Which of the following has not been a major change in the workforce within the last century? |
greater emphasis on farming and manufacturing jobs |
Jobs today are more physically demanding than they were in the early 1900s. |
false |
Job satisfaction |
varies according to income and age |
What type of work was done by a majority of the labor force in the 1900s? |
farming |
Changes in the American labor force since 1970 reveal all of the following EXCEPT |
over one half of the labor force has a college degree |
Unemployment rate varies according to such factors as |
cultural background, age, gender, and race |
Minorities in the workforce |
have increased in recent years. |
One of the most noted changes in the workforce between 2000 and 2010 is the increase in women pursuing professional careers such as those in the medical and legal field |
true |
A vast majority of workers today have a college degree |
false |
Control over job responsibilities has a positive correlation to job satisfaction |
true |
gerontology |
Gerontology is the scientific study of the processes and phenomena of aging |
social gerontology |
Social gerontology is a subfield of gerontology that studies the nonphysical aspects of aging. |
young-old |
Young-old refers to people aged 65 to 74 |
middle- old |
Middle-old refers to people aged 75 to 84. |
old-old |
Old-old refers to people aged 85 and older |
dependancy |
The shift from being an independent adult to being dependent on others for physical or financial assistance. |
Alzheimer’s disease |
Alzheimer’s disease is an organic condition that results in the progressive destruction of brain cells |
Why are the young-old, middle-old, and old-old topics of interest for gerontologists? |
They are interested in the physical and mental decline and death of these age groups. This shift is related to health and physical well being |
"Individuals who are going through this process may need a period of adjustment because they feel like they don’t have a place to go anymore." |
retirement |
The following are subjects of interest to gerontologists |
young-old. middle-old. old-old |
Florida and Montana are the only states the elderly relocate to |
false |
Elderly people fear dependency because |
they lose their independence. it necessitates new role behaviors. their status in society changes. |
Alzheimer’s disease: |
marks mental decline or dementia. results in the progressive deterioration of brain cells. |
Individuals 65 and over are placed into three groups which are called the |
young-old, middle-old, and old-old. |
Dependency is the shift from being an independent adult to being dependent on others for physical and/or financial assistance. |
true |
Among the topics studied by gerontologists for the young-old, ages 65-74, adjustment to retirement is one of the most important developmental issues. |
true |
Research indicates that work-role loss affects a much smaller number of retired people than generally is assumed |
true |
Research indicates all of the following EXCEPT: |
people who were happy or fulfilled in their work rarely find retirement satisfying |
adult development
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