A & P- The Muscular System

The action that moves the scapula towards the head is called:

Elevation

Which movement results after the contraction of the serratus anterior muscle?

Scapular protraction and rotation

Which movement is not associated with the scapula?
a) protraction
b) depression
c) elevation
d) opposition

Opposition

The two heads of the biceps brachii muscle converge distally to insert on the:

Radial tuberosity

The coracobrachialis muscle originates on the:

Coracoid process of the scapula

The posterior scapular muscle that crosses the glenohumeral joint is the:

Teres major

The __________ is a prime mover of the glenohumeral joint during flexion.

Deltoid

Which of the following muscles assists during extension of the glenohumeral joint, but is not as a prime mover?
a) teres major
b) biceps brachii
c) latissimus dorsi
d) deltoid

Teres major

Without lateral rotation of the humerus by the teres minor and infraspinatus muscles, the maximum angle of abduction by the deltoid would be __________.

90 degrees

Abduction requires the action of two muscles, and adduction requires the action of ___________.

Four muscles

Which muscle is not part of the rotator cuff?
a) teres minor muscle
b) teres major muscle
c) infraspinatus muscle
d) supraspinatus muscle

Teres major muscle

Downward dislocation of the humerus from the glenohumeral joint when carrying weight is prevented by the __________.

Supraspinatus muscle

The angle of which muscle prevents the humeral head from sliding upward out of the joint as the arm is raised?

Subscapularis

The rotator cuff is a term used to describe the group of muscles and tendons that stabilize and reinforce the __________.

Glenohumeral joint

All the tendons of the rotator cuff muscles combine at which location?

Humeral head

To keep the humeral head centered within the glenoidal cavity the rotator cuff muscles must be __________.

Located in the same plane

The location of the rotator cuff muscles in relation to the glenohumoral joint minimizes the upward pressure against the __________.

Acromion of the scapula

The muscles that extend the forearm are located __________.

Posteriorly

Which of the following statements about muscles of the elbow joint is true?
a) The biceps brachii has two heads that share the same origin site.
b) The biceps brachii is a posterior extensor.
c) The brachioradialis originates and inserts on the ulna.
d) None of these statements is correct.

None of these statements is correct.

The two heads of the biceps brachii muscle come together distally to insert on the __________.

Radial tuberosity

The smallest of the posterior extensors of the elbow joint is the __________.

Anconeus

The origin of the long head of the triceps brachii is on the __________.

Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

The muscle that generates the most power during elbow flexion is the __________.

Brachialis

The prime mover of elbow extension is the __________.

Triceps brachii

Which of the following statements about muscles of the forearm is true?
a) The pronator teres originates on the medial epicondyle and inserts on the radius.
b) The pronator quadratus originates on the radius and inserts on the ulna.
c) The pronator quadratus is a two-headed muscle.
d) Contraction of the pronator quadratus and the supinator results in forearm pronation.

The pronator teres originates on the medial epicondyle and inserts on the radius.

Forearm supination is assisted by the __________.

Biceps brachii

An origin of the supinator is the __________.

Lateral epicondyl of the humerus

The interosseous membrane is located between the __________.

Radius and ulna

Which muscle of the wrist and fingers is a deep anterior flexor?

Flexor pollicis longus

Which superficial flexor muscle of the forearm is the most lateral?

Flexor carpi radialis

The palmaris longus inserts on the __________.

Palmar aponeurosis

Which muscle is a superficial anterior flexor muscle?
a) flexor digiti minimi brevis
b) flexor pollicis longus
c) flexor digitorum profundus
d) flexor digitorum superficialis

Flexor digitorum superficialis

The extensor muscle that branches to form four tendons on the back of the hand is the __________.

Extensor digitorum

The deep posterior extensor of the wrist and fingers __________.

Controls the thumb and index finger

Which deep posterior extensor of the wrist originates on the radius and ulna and interosseous membrane?

The abductor pollicis longus

The prime mover of wrist extension is the __________.

Extensor digitorum

Wrist abduction occurs through the actions of __________ muscles.

Four

The iliacus and the psoas major muscles are collectively known as the ____________ muscle because they share a common insertion on the __________ of the femur.

Iliopsoas; lesser trochanter

The lateral rotators act on the __________.

Femur

The piriformis originates on the __________ and inserts on the __________.

Sacrum; greater trochanter of the femur

The medial muscles of the hip joint that insert on the linea aspera are the __________.

Adductor magnus, adductor brevis, and adductor longus

The prime mover of hip extension is the __________.

Gluteus maximus

The tensor fascia latae is involved in hip __________.

Abduction

The anterior muscles of the thigh that originate on the os coxae are __________.

Sartorius; rectus femoris

The hamstring muscles originate on the __________.

Ischial tuberosity

To allow for flexion, the __________ unlocks the knee joint.

Popliteus

The two muscles that insert on the fifth phalanx or on the fifth metatarsal are the __________.

Extensor digitorum longus and fibularis tertius

The flexor hallucis longus muscle originates on the __________.

Interosseous membrane

The soleus and the gastrocnemius share an insertion on the __________.

Calcaneus

An insertion of the fibularis longus is the __________.

Medial cuneiform

The prime mover of dorsiflexion is the __________.

Tibialis anterior

Eversion of the foot is a function of the __________.

Fibularis longus

The most powerful movement at the ankle joint is __________, and the ________ is one of the prime movers of this movement.

Plantar flexion; gastrocnemius