A&P Ch 16 Homework

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Which of the following hormones has intracellular receptors?
cortisol
epinephrine
insulin

Cortisol

What is the mechanism of action of lipid-soluble hormones?

activation of genes, which increases protein synthesis in the cell

After a lipid-soluble hormone is bound to its intracellular receptor, what does the hormone complex do?

acts as a transcription factor and binds to DNA, activating a gene

Which hormone’s receptor is always bound to DNA, even when the receptor is empty?

thyroid hormone

What keeps intracellular receptors from binding to DNA before a hormone binds to the receptor?

chaperone proteins (chaperonins)

What type of hormones bind to receptors located on the cell membrane?

water-soluble hormones, such as insulin and epinephrine

Which intracellular substance degrades cAMP, thus inactivating the response to a hormone?

phosphodiesterase

Growth factor hormones, such as insulin, bind to which type of receptor?

tyrosine kinase receptors

Which is the correct order of events for hormones activating Gs proteins?

activation of G protein, binding of GTP, activation of adenylate cyclase, conversion of ATP to cAMP

Which second messenger causes the release of calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum?

IP3

Which of the following adrenergic receptors increase cAMP levels?

beta receptors

Which of the following occurs in situations where more than one hormone produces the same effects at the target cell and their combined effects are amplified?

synergism

_____ is the situation when one hormone cannot exert its full effects without another hormone being present.

permissiveness

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