A&P ch 15 quiz

Which of the following is a characteristic of the lens?

The lens focuses light on the retina.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of olfactory receptor cells?

They are unipolar neurons.

Tinnitus, vertigo, and gradual hearing loss typify the disorder called ________.

Ménière’s syndrome

Ceruminous glands are ________.

modified apocrine sweat glands

There are three layers of neurons in the retina. The axons of which of these neuron layers form the optic nerves?

ganglion cells

Which of the following nerves would you predict is NEVER involved in the development of strabismus?

trigeminal (V)

If the optic chiasma is destroyed but the rest of the visual pathway to the brain is not damaged, the result would be ______.

loss of peripheral vision on both the far right and far left sides of the visual field

chemically sensitive CILIA are found in this structure

olfactory epithelium

hair cells receptive to changes in DYNAMIC equilibrium are found in this structure

crista ampullaris

hair cells receptive to changes in STATIC equilibrium are found in this structure

macula

chemically sensitive MICROVILLI found in this structure

taste buds

Visual processing in the thalamus does not contribute significantly to ________.

night vision

Taste is independent of smell.

False Taste is 80% smell. When nasal congestion (or just pinching your nostrils) blocks access to your olfactory receptors, food tastes bland. Without smell, our morning coffee would lack its richness and simply taste bitter.

Damage to the medial rectus muscles would probably affect ________.

convergence

What structure regulates the amount of light passing to the visual receptors of the eye?

iris

As sound levels increase in the spiral organ (of Corti), ________.

outer hair cells stiffen the basilar membrane

Nerve fibers from the medial aspect of each eye ________.

cross over to the opposite side at the chiasma

Which statement about malnutrition-induced night blindness is most accurate?

Vitamin supplements can reverse degenerative changes.

Most taste buds are located __________.

on the tongue

If retinal detachment occurs in the macula lutea, one can predict that there would be a significant loss of ______.

color vision

What prevents the eyelids from sticking together when the eyes close?

tarsal gland secretions

Light passes through the following structures in which order?

cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor

Seventy percent of all sensory receptors are located in the ________.

eye

There are __________ auditory ossicles in the ear.

three These bones, named for their shape, are the malleus ("hammer"), the incus ("anvil"), and the stapes ("stirrup").

Which of the following taste sensations is incorrectly matched to the chemicals that produce it?

umami-triglycerides and fatty acids

Which structure in the eye provides nutrition to all eye layers?

choroid

The first "way station" in the visual pathway from the eye, after there has been partial crossover of the fibers in the optic chiasma, is the ________.

lateral geniculate body of the thalamus

Which photoreceptors respond to very dim light?

rods

In the visual pathways to the brain, the optic radiations project to the ________.

primary visual cortex

The visible colored portion of the eye is the __________.

iris

Identify the layer that contains both a single-celled pigmented layer and a neural layer. Select from choices A-D.

retina

In theory, cataracts could be prevented by invention of a treatment that would ______.

increase diffusion rates within the lenses

The cells of the retina in which action potentials are generated are the ________.

ganglion cells

the sensory layer of the eye

retina

the structure most responsible for focusing light rays that enter the eye

lens

helps maintain the intraocular pressure; located in the anterior part of the eye

aqueous humor

area of greatest visual acuity

fovea centralis

Dark adaptation ________.

involves accumulation of rhodopsin

The tarsal plate of the eyelid ________.

is connected to the levator palpebrae

Identify the lettered muscle responsible for depressing the eye and turning it laterally.

superior oblique muscle

Which of the following is NOTan accessory structure of the eye?

retina The accessory structures of the eye include the eyebrows, eyelids, conjunctiva, lacrimal apparatus, and extrinsic eye muscles.

Which of the following is true of receptors for dynamic equilibrium?

The receptors for dynamic equilibrium respond to rotational forces.

Where are equilibrium receptors located?

in the semicircular canals and in the vestibule of the ear

Which pairing of terms is incorrectly related?

frequency of sound waves: loudness of the sound

Another name for the primary visual cortex is ________.

striate cortex

Which part of the inner ear houses receptors for angular (rotational) movement of the head? Select from choices A-D.

semicircular duct

Which accessory eye structures function to produce the tears that cleanse and protect the eye?

lacrimal glands

Select the correct statement about olfaction.

Some of the sensation of olfaction is actually one of pain.

Identify the structure that forms cranial nerve I. Select from choices A-D.

filaments of the olfactory nerve C

Which of the following is the receptor organ for hearing?

spiral organ (of Corti)

loss of hearing resulting from prolonged exposure to high-intensity sounds

sensorineural deafness

can result from the fusion of the auditory ossicles

conduction deafness

possible side effect of aspirin

tinnitus

one of the most common results of otitis media

conduction deafness

can result from impacted cerumen

conduction deafness

Which of the follow types of neurons are replaced throughout adult life?

olfactory receptor cells

The final step in perceiving sound is __________.

the auditory cortex is stimulated

The receptors for smell are activated when __________.

dissolved odorants bind to receptor proteins in the cilium membranes

Receptors for hearing are located in the ________.

cochlea

Which of the following structures is not part of the external ear?
external acoustic meatus
pharyngotympanic tube
pinna
tympanic membrane

pharyngotympanic tube

Ordinarily, it is not possible to transplant tissues from one person to another, yet corneas can be transplanted without tissue rejection. This is because the cornea ________.

has no blood supply

Conscious perception of vision probably reflects activity in the ________.

occipital lobe of the cortex

The blind spot of the eye is where ________.

the optic nerve leaves the eye

An essential part of the maculae involved in static equilibrium is (are) the ________.

otoliths

Even though we have two eyes, why do we normally see only one image?

Information from each eye goes to both hemispheres for processing.

Choose the correctly paired terms.

nyctalopia: night blindness

If a chalazion interferes with glandular secretion, the immediate outcome would be ______.

friction on the anterior surface of the eye

Vision is fully developed at birth.

False

Which of the following is a role of the vitreous humor?

It supports the posterior surface of the lens.

Choose the FALSE statement about the olfactory epithelium.

It is made of simple squamous epithelium. The olfactory epithelium is made of pseudostratified (not simple squamos) epithelium.

Which statement about sound localization is not true?

It requires processing at the cortical level.

Identify the lettered muscle that is controlled by the abducens cranial nerve (CN VI).

B lateral rectus

Which of the following could not be seen as one looks into the eye with an ophthalmoscope?

optic chiasma

Which middle ear ossicle is attached to, and transmits vibratory motion to, the oval window?

stapes

Which of these lettered structures acts as a stem cell to regenerate the taste cells?

basal epithelial cells

Ringing in the ears is called __________.

tinnitus

Which region of the ear houses perilymph and endolymph? Select from choices A-D.

internal ear

Which of these parts of the ear can be affected by otitis media? Select from choices A-D.

middle ear

The eye muscle that elevates and turns the eye laterally is the ________.

inferior oblique

During dark adaptation ________.

rhodopsin accumulates in the rods

Which of the following is true about gustatory receptors?

Complete adaptation occurs in about one to five minutes.

Taste buds are not found ________.

in filiform papillae

Olfactory cells and taste buds are normally stimulated by ________.

substances in solution

Identify the type of neuron that detects bright light and provides high resolution color vision.

C cones

In glaucoma, damage occurs primarily to the ______.

ganglion cells in the retina

Which of the following is not a possible cause of conduction deafness?

cochlear nerve degeneration