A&P 1- Swiger (Chapter 10)

True or False: Muscles are only able to pull, they never push.

True

Which functional group has the major responsibility for countering a specific movement?

antagonists
fixators
agonists
synergists

antagonists

What is a muscle that provides the major force for producing a specific movement called?

an antagonist
a synergist
a fixator
an agonist (prime mover)

an agonist (prime mover)

A muscle that opposes, or reverses, a particular movement is a(n) ________.

agonist (prime mover)
synergist
antagonist
fixator

antagonist

In general, a muscle that crosses on the anterior side of a joint produces ________.

abduction
adduction
extension
flexion

flexion

True or False: Muscles that help to maintain posture are best described as synergists.

False

Antagonist

Muscle that opposes and reverses the action of another muscle.

Fixator

Muscle that stabilizes the origin of another muscle.

Agonist

Muscle that is primarily responsible for bringing about a particular movement.

Synergist

Muscle that aids another by promoting the same movement.

What type of muscle assists an agonist by causing a like movement or by stabilizing a joint over which an agonist acts?

an agonist
a synergist
an antagonist
a prime mover

a synergist

True or False: Muscles that help maintain upright posture are fixators.

True

Which description of a muscle action is NOT correct?

-Agonists are the prime movers for an action.
– Antagonists counter the action of a prime mover.
– Synergists help agonists.
– Fixators hold joints in place, so movement does not occur

Fixators hold joints in place, so movement does not occur

Which of the following is NOT used as a criterion for naming muscles?

– the locations of the muscle attachments
– the number of origins for the muscle
– the location of the muscle
– the shape of the muscle
– the nervous system’s control of the muscle

the nervous system’s control of the muscle

Which of the following are correctly matched?

deltoid; at a right angle to the long axis
brevis; long
transverse; parallel to the long axis
rectus; straight

rectus; straight

Which of the following muscles is named for its size?

gluteus maximus
deltoid
trapezius
sternocleidomastoid

gluteus maximus

The sternocleidomastoid muscle inserts on the ________.

– platysma
– mastoid process of the temporal bone
– clavicle
– sternum

mastoid process of the temporal bone

Which of these is not a way of classifying muscles?

muscle shape
the type of action they cause
the type of muscle fibers
muscle location

the type of muscle fibers

When the term biceps, triceps, or quadriceps forms part of a muscle’s name, what does it tell you about the muscle?

– The muscle has two, three, or four origins, respectively.
– The muscle has two, three, or four functions, respectively.
– The muscle has two, three, or four insertions, respectively.
– The muscle is able to change direction twice, three times, or four times faster than other muscles, respectively.

The muscle has two, three, or four origins, respectively.

Which of the following muscles is named for its action?

gluteus minimus
biceps brachii
levator labii superioris
frontalis

levator labii superioris

The names of muscles often indicate the action of the muscle. What does the term levator mean?

-The muscle elevates and/or adducts a region.
– The muscle functions as a synergist.
-The muscle is a fixator and stabilizes a bone or joint.
-The muscle flexes and rotates a region.

The muscle elevates and/or adducts a region.

Which of the following are correctly matched?

-circular arrangement of fascicles; describes the deltoid muscle
-parallel arrangement of fascicles; characteristic of sphincter muscles
– convergent arrangement of fascicles; fan-shaped muscle
– pennate arrangement of fascicles; spindle-shaped muscle

convergent arrangement of fascicles; fan-shaped muscle

True or False: The arrangement of a muscle’s fascicles determines its range of motion and power.

True

True or False: Although all skeletal muscles have different shapes, the fascicle arrangement of each muscle is exactly the same.

False

Which of the following statements is correct?

– The more a muscle shortens, the more power it generates.
– The number of muscle fibers best determines how powerful a muscle will be.
– Muscle fibers running in parallel arrangement generate more power.
-Multipennate muscles do not produce much power because the fibers run in many directions.

The number of muscle fibers best determines how powerful a muscle will be.

What is the main factor that determines the power of a muscle?

– the shape
– the length
-the total number of muscle fibers (cells) available for contraction
– the number of neurons innervating it

the total number of muscle fibers (cells) available for contraction

True or false: Muscle power depends mostly on the total number of muscle fibers (cells) in the muscle.

False

What are the levers that operate at a mechanical advantage called?

speed levers
functional levers
dysfunctional levers
power levers

power levers

If L = load, F = fulcrum, and E = effort, what type of lever system is described as LEF?

fourth-class lever
third-class lever
second-class lever
first-class lever

third-class lever

What is the major factor controlling how levers work?

– the weight of the load
– the structural characteristics of the muscles of the person using the lever
– the difference in the positioning of the effort, load, and fulcrum
– the direction the load is being moved

the difference in the positioning of the effort, load, and fulcrum

True or False: Regardless of type, all levers follow the same basic principle: effort farther than load from fulcrum = mechanical advantage; effort nearer than load to fulcrum = mechanical disadvantage.

True

Which of the following statements is correct regarding muscle position and its related action?

– A muscle that crosses the ankle joint anteriorly produces flexion.
– A muscle that crosses on the posterior side of the knee joint produces flexion.
– The latissimus dorsi crosses the posterior side of the shoulder joint to produce flexion.
– The pectoralis major crosses on the anterior side of the shoulder joint to produce extension.

A muscle that crosses on the posterior side of the knee joint produces flexion.

Focus your attention on sections (c) and (d) in Focus Figure 10.1. Which of the following statements is correct regarding muscle position and its related action?

– A muscle that crosses on the lateral side of the hip joint produces adduction.
– A muscle that crosses the ankle joint posteriorly produces adduction.
– The deltoid crosses the shoulder joint medially to produce abduction.
– The teres major crosses on the medial side of the shoulder joint to produce adduction.

The teres major crosses on the medial side of the shoulder joint to produce adduction.

The ________ crosses the anterior side of the shoulder joint and is the prime mover of arm flexion.

pectoralis major

As the prime mover of arm abduction, the middle fibers of the ______ contract to move the arm laterally away from the body.

deltoid

The ________ is an antagonist of the _____ for arm abduction

teres major;deltoid

The latissimus dorsi is an antagonist of the ______ for arm flexion.

pectoralis major

The _______ and deltoid posterior fibers are prime movers of arm extension.

latissimus dorsi

First-class levers ________.

– are used when standing on tip-toe
– in the body can operate at a mechanical advantage or mechanical disadvantage, depending on specific location
– have load at one end of the lever, fulcrum at the other, and effort applied somewhere in the middle
– are typified by tweezers or forceps

in the body can operate at a mechanical advantage or mechanical disadvantage, depending on specific location

Which type of lever is demonstrated by using scissors?

a first-class lever
a second-class lever
a third-class lever
a fourth-class lever

a first-class lever

Which of the following movements demonstrates a first-class lever?

– flexing your knee to raise your heel toward your buttocks
– lifting a rock with your right hand and arm
– raising your head up off your chest
– standing on your toes

raising your head up off your chest

If a lever operates at a mechanical disadvantage, it means that the ________.

– effort is farther than the load from the fulcrum
– load is near the fulcrum and the effort is at the distal end
– lever system is useless
– load is far from the fulcrum and the effort is applied near the fulcrum

load is far from the fulcrum and the effort is applied near the fulcrum

True or False: A pair of tweezers is a good example of a second-class lever.

False

True or False: Both first- and second-class levers operate at a mechanical disadvantage.

False

Which of the following joint muscles is correctly matched with its lever type?

– gastrocnemius tendon at the ankle: first-class lever
– trapezius action on the atlanto-occipital joint; second-class lever
– triceps brachii at the elbow; third-class lever
– biceps brachii at the elbow; third-class lever

biceps brachii at the elbow; third-class lever

Why is the body position of both a post-surgical patient and the caregiver critical in performing a safe patient move from bed to chair?

– because patients are not expected to exert any effort
– so that surgical wound stitches are not pulled apart
– so that the caregiver can support patient’s full body weight
– so that lifting leverage can be properly applied

so that lifting leverage can be properly applied

The hamstrings consist of three muscles located on the posterior thigh. Why is it recommended that a caregiver squat using these muscles to help a patient sit down?

-because it prevents back muscle strain
– because it permits the patient to be farther away
-because it eliminates lifting belt use when moving adults
– because it forcibly flexes the caregiver’s thighs

because it prevents back muscle strain

True or False: The muscles of facial expression insert into skin or other muscles, not bones.

True

The ________ helps keep food between the grinding surfaces of the teeth during chewing.

risorius
mentalis
buccinator
orbicularis oris

buccinator

The ________ is the main chewing muscle.

buccinator
masseter
hyoglossus
lateral pterygoid

masseter

True or False: The buccinator muscle compresses the cheek and is well developed in nursing infants.

True

A nursing infant develops a powerful sucking muscle that adults also use for whistling. What is this muscle called?

buccinator
platysma
masseter
zygomaticus

buccinator

Which of the following best describes the orbicularis oris?

– It pulls the lower lip down and back.
– It closes the eye.
– It closes, purses, and protrudes the lips.
– It draws the eyebrows together.

It closes, purses, and protrudes the lips.

Which of the following muscles is involved in producing horizontal wrinkles in the forehead?

– the medial pterygoid
– the temporalis
– the zygomaticus major
– the frontal belly of the epicranius

the frontal belly of the epicranius

At the grocery store a cute, little curly-haired child is standing behind you in line. You turn around for a moment and she sticks her tongue out at you. Which tongue muscle did she use?

orbicularis oris
genioglossus
stylohyoid
hyoglossus

genioglossus

Which of the following describes the suprahyoid muscles?

– They move the pharynx superiorly during swallowing.
-They are a group of muscles that lie superior to the hyoid bone and help form the floor of the oral cavity.
-They are often called strap muscles.
-They depress the larynx and hyoid bone if the mandible is fixed.

They are a group of muscles that lie superior to the hyoid bone and help form the floor of the oral cavity.

What do the geniohyoid, hyoglossus, and stylohyoid muscles have in common?

– All act on the tongue.
– All names indicate the relative size of the muscle.
-All names reflect direction of muscle fibers.
-Each acts synergistically to elevate the jaw.

All act on the tongue.

True or False: In order to propel food down to the esophagus, the pharyngeal constrictor muscles are used

True

True or False: The major head flexors are the sternocleidomastoid muscles, with the help of the muscles attached to the hyoid bone.

True

True or False: Muscles connecting to the hyoid bone are important for swallowing and speech.

True

The masseter muscle originates on the __________.

-medial surfaces of the maxilla and the zygomatic arch as well as the inferior border of the zygomatic arch
-medial and lateral surfaces of the maxilla and the inferior and superior border of the zygomatic arch
– inferior border of the zygomatic arch only
– medial surface of maxilla, but not the zygomatic arch

medial surfaces of the maxilla and the zygomatic arch as well as the inferior border of the zygomatic arch

The masseter is innervated by the _____________ branch of the trigeminal nerve.

maxillary
mandibular
lingual
ophthalmic

mandibular

What muscle "undoes" what the sternocleidomastoid "does" during head flexion?

omohyoid
platysma
masseter
trapezius
splenius capitis

splenius capitis

What functional movement is suggested by name of the erector spinae muscle?

back extension
back lateral rotation
depresses scapula
shoulder rotation
scapula elevation

back extension

Which group of muscles elevates the first two ribs and flexes and rotates the neck?

the splenius
the iliocostalis
the scalenes
the spinalis

the scalenes

True or False: Muscle spasms of the back often are due to the erector spinae contraction.

True

The muscle that divides the ventral body cavity into the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities is the __________.

psoas major
diaphragm
transversus abdominis
internal oblique

diaphragm

Which of the following muscles does the phrenic nerve innervate?

the external intercostals
the diaphragm
the internal intercostals
the sternocleidomastoid muscles

the diaphragm

The supraspinatus is named for its location on the posterior aspect of the scapula above the spine. What is its action?

– to extend and medially rotate the humerus and to act as a synergist of the latissimus dorsi
– to initiate abduction of the arm, to stabilize the shoulder joint and to help prevent downward dislocation of the humerus
– to flex and adduct the humerus and to act as a synergist of the pectoralis major
– to help hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity and rotate the humerus laterally

to initiate abduction of the arm, to stabilize the shoulder joint and to help prevent downward dislocation of the humerus

Which muscle(s) is (are) contracted to exhale forcibly?

internal intercostals and rectus abdominus
external intercostals and diaphragm
diaphragm alone
rectus abdominis and diaphragm

internal intercostals and rectus abdominus

True or False: The diaphragm flattens and moves inferiorly during inspiration.

True

Which of the following is not a muscle primarily involved in the breathing process?

external intercostal
diaphragm
latissimus dorsi
internal intercostal

latissimus dorsi

The ________ runs deep to the internal oblique.

latissimus dorsi
external oblique
transversus abdominis
rectus abdominis

transversus abdominis

The abnormal protrusion of the small intestine through a weak point in the muscle of the abdominal wall is called a ________.

pulled muscle
sprain
hernia
hyperextension

hernia

Which of the following muscles fixes and depresses the ribs and stabilizes the pelvis during walking?

external oblique
transversus abdominis
rectus abdominis
internal oblique

rectus abdominis

Donna was rushing to class and slipped on a patch of ice and fell backward. An x-ray revealed a broken coccyx. All the associated muscles were bruised. Which muscles were they?

-Coccygeus and gluteus maximus
– Levator ani and coccygeus
– Ischiocavernosus, coccygeus, and gluteus maximus
– Gluteus maximus, coccygeus, and levator ani
– Perineal muscle, levator ani, and coccygeus

Levator ani and coccygeus Ischiocavernosus,

A young pregnant woman went to a childbirth class and the instructor informed them about strengthening the muscles of the pelvic floor. What are these muscles, and why should she strengthen them?

-Perineal muscle, levator ani, and coccygeus; strengthening these muscles helps in the delivery of the child by resisting downward forces when "pushing."
– Ischiocavernosus, coccygeus, and gluteus maximus; strengthening these muscles helps in correctly positioning and orienting the child prior to birth.
– Coccygeus and gluteus maximus; strengthening these muscles helps in correctly positioning and orienting the child prior to birth.
– Gluteus maximus, coccygeus, and levator ani; strengthening these muscles helps in correctly positioning and orienting the child prior to birth.
-Levator ani and coccygeus; strengthening these muscles helps in the delivery of the child by resisting downward forces when "pushing."

Levator ani and coccygeus; strengthening these muscles helps in the delivery of the child by resisting downward forces when "pushing."

A nurse can facilitate respiratory functioning by encouraging deep breathing exercises such as diaphragmatic breathing. What is diaphragmatic breathing?

– It is the alternating contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm, causing a decrease in pressure in the abdominopelvic cavity and facilitating blood flow to the heart.
– It is the contraction of the internal intercostals muscles to depress the ribcage, aiding expiration.
– It is the alternating contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm, causing an increase in pressure in the abdominopelvic cavity and facilitating blood flow to the heart.
– It is the alternating contraction of the external and internal intercostals muscles to aid inspiration and expiration.
– It is the contraction of the external intercostal muscles to lift the ribcage, aiding inspiration.

It is the alternating contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm, causing an increase in pressure in the abdominopelvic cavity and facilitating blood flow to the heart.

The ________ is known as the "boxer’s muscle."

flexor digitorum longus
rectus abdominis
serratus anterior
biceps brachii

serratus anterior

Which of the following is NOT a rotator cuff muscle?

subscapularis
infraspinatus
supraspinatus
teres major

teres major

Which of the following describes the suprahyoid muscles?

– They depress the larynx and hyoid bone if the mandible is fixed.
– They are often called strap muscles.
– They move the pharynx superiorly during swallowing.
– They are a group of muscles that lie superior to the hyoid bone and help form the floor of the oral cavity.

They are a group of muscles that lie superior to the hyoid bone and help form the floor of the oral cavity.

True or False: The broadest muscle of the back is the latissimus dorsi.

True

Which of the following muscles is not a rotator cuff muscle?

teres minor
levator scapulae
subscapularis
supraspinatus

levator scapulae

A reduction in the lateral angle of the glenohumeral joint in relation to the anatomical position would be called __________.

adduction
abduction
flexion
extension

adduction

Movement of the shoulder laterally away from the body is called __________.

flexion
extension
abduction
adduction

abduction

The transversus abdominus muscle is innervated by the __________.

left scapular nerve
intercostals nerves
inguinal nerve
thoracic nerve

intercostals nerves

Which joint is considered the most flexible joint in the body?

the elbow joint
the wrist joint
the shoulder joint
the hip joint

the shoulder joint

Muscles of the shoulder can be divided into groups based on __________.

size
location (superior and inferior)
location (anterior and posterior)
distribution and functional relationships

distribution and functional relationships

Which of the following groups of muscles are not muscles of the shoulder?

muscles that act on the pectoral girdle
muscles that stabilize and cross the glenohumeral joint
the anterior flexor muscles
the rotator cuff muscles

the anterior flexor muscles

The external intercostals elevate the rib cage during __________.

expiration
neither inspiration nor expiration
inspiration
both expiration and inspiration

inspiration

The gluteus medius muscle is innervated by the __________.

inferior gluteal nerve
superior coxial nerve
inferior coxial nerve
superior gluteal nerve

superior gluteal nerve

The origins of the rectus abdominus muscle are on the __________.

ischial bone
sacral bone
ileum bone
pubic bone

pubic bone

The origins of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle are the __________.

– medial condyle and posterior surface of the femur
-lateral condyle and posterior surface of the femur
– patellar surface and anterior surface of the femur
-patellar surface and posterior surface of the femur

lateral condyle and posterior surface of the femur

The gastrocnemius muscle is innervated by the __________.

fibular nerve
tibial nerve
plantar nerve
ulnar nerve

tibial nerve

The two heads of the gastrocnemius muscle converge to insert onto __________.

the middle phalanx of digit one
the posterior surface of the tibia
digits two through five
the calcaneus

the calcaneus

The origin of the external obliques includes ribs __________.

five through twelve
eight through twelve
seven through twelve
six through twelve

five through twelve

The majority of the fibers of the gluteus maximus insert onto the __________.

superior border of the os coxae
gluteal tuberosity
iliotibial tract
inferior border of the os coxae

iliotibial tract

The gluteus maximus is the most powerful muscle during __________.

medial rotation
flexion
extension
lateral rotation

extension

The actions of the internal intercostals are most important during __________.

forced expiration
normal inspiration
normal expiration
forced inspiration

forced expiration

The actions of the internal obliques include __________.

– compression of the rib cage to assist in forced inspiration
– compression of the abdomen to assist in forced expiration
– compression of the abdomen to assist in forced inspiration
– compression of the rib cage to assist in forced expiration

compression of the abdomen to assist in forced expiration

The insertion of the pectineus muscle is __________ and on the __________.

posterior; pubis
anterior; femur
anterior; pubis
posterior; femur

posterior; femur

The pectineus muscle __________ the thigh and is innervated by the __________ nerve.

adducts and flexes; femoral
adducts and flexes; fibular
abducts and extends; femoral
abducts and extends; fibular

adducts and flexes; femoral

The rhomboid minor muscle sits __________.

superficial to the rhomboid major
superior to the rhomboid major
deep to the rhomboid major
inferior to the rhomboid major

superior to the rhomboid major

The deltoid muscle fibers are separated into __________.

superior, middle, and inferior
anterior, middle, and posterior
lateral, medial, and proximal
superficial and deep

anterior, middle, and posterior

The middle fibers of the deltoid muscle __________.

adduct the arm
medially rotate the arm
abduct the arm
laterally rotate the arm

abduct the arm

The latissimus dorsi inserts __________.

on the lesser tubercle of the humerus
on the greater tubercle of the humerus
on the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
on the intertubercular groove of the humerus

on the intertubercular groove of the humerus

One of the actions of the latissimus dorsi muscle is to __________.

abduct the arm
adduct the arm
lateral rotation of the arm
flex the arm

adduct the arm

All fibers of the triceps brachii are innervated by the __________.

humeral nerve
radial nerve
ulnar nerve
axillary nerve

radial nerve

The infraspinatus inserts on the ____________ of the humerus.

acromial process of the scapula
lesser tubercle of the humerus
greater tubercle of the humerus
coranoid process of the scapula

greater tubercle of the humerus

The infraspinatus muscle is included in the __________ muscles.

rotator cuff
medial rotator
lateral rotator
respiratory muscles of the shoulder

rotator cuff

The ________ is a synergist of the latissimus dorsi; it extends, medially rotates, and adducts the humerus.

teres minor
supraspinatus
teres major
infraspinatus

teres major

________ is a powerful forearm extensor.

Brachialis
Brachioradialis
Biceps brachii
Triceps brachii

Triceps brachii

Tennis players often complain about pain in the arm (forearm) that swings the racquet. What muscle is usually strained under these conditions?

the flexor digitorum profundus
the triceps brachii
the brachioradialis
the anconeus

the brachioradialis

The main forearm extensor is the __________.

brachilais
triceps brachii
coracobrachialis
biceps brachii

triceps brachii

Where are the origins of most of the muscles that move the fingers?

the wrist
the palm of the hand
the arm
the forearm

the forearm

All of the muscles that originate from the medial epicondyle of the humerus have one of two functions. Which of the following pairs is correct?

wrist extension and forearm supination
wrist flexion and supination
forearm flexion and wrist flexion
wrist flexion and forearm pronation

wrist flexion and forearm pronation

Paralysis of which of the following would make an individual unable to flex the thigh?

soleus
iliopsoas and rectus femoris
biceps femoris
vastus medialis

iliopsoas and rectus femoris

Which of the following muscles is involved in crossing one leg over the other to produce the cross-legged position?

the sartorius
all of the hamstrings
the quadriceps femoris
the gastrocnemius

the sartorius

Which of the following muscles is a flexor of the thigh?

adductor magnus
vastus lateralis
gluteus maximus
tibialis posterior

adductor magnus

Which muscle acts as both a knee (leg) extensor and hip (thigh) flexor?

gluteus maximus
rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
biceps femoris

rectus femoris

True or False: The anterior compartment of the thigh is involved in lower leg extension.

True

The quadriceps femoris is composed of three "vastus" muscles and the ________.

semimembranosus
biceps femoris
rectus femoris
semitendinosus

rectus femoris

Which of the following muscles is NOT a member of the hamstrings group?

semitendinosus
biceps femoris
semimembranosus
vastus intermedius

vastus intermedius

Paralysis of which of the following muscles would make an individual unable to flex the knee?

hamstring muscles
soleus
brachioradialis
gluteal muscles

hamstring muscles

Which of the following is not a member of the hamstrings?

biceps femoris
semimembranosus
gracilis
semitendinosus

gracilis

Which of the following is a hamstring muscle?

vastus medialis
vastus lateralis
biceps femoris
rectus femoris

biceps femoris

Which of the following muscles is involved in inversion at the ankle joint?

fibularis (peroneus) tertius
fibularis (peroneus) longus
tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus

tibialis anterior

The ________ extends the great toe.

gastrocneumius
extensor hallucis longus
tibialis anterior
fibularis (peroneous) tertius

extensor hallucis longus

True or False: The soleus is a synergist of the gastrocnemius during plantar flexion.

True

Which of the following muscles inserts to the posterior calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon?

the semitendinosus
the tibialis anterior
the gastrocnemius
the sartorius

the gastrocnemius

The insertion of the extensor carpi radialis longus muscle is on __________.

metacarpal three
metacarpal one
metacarpal four
metacarpal two

metacarpal two

The insertion of the extensor digitorum branches into __________.

three tendons
two tendons
four tendons
five tendons

four tendons

The extensor hallucis longus muscle inserts on digit __________.

four
one
two
three

one

The anterior muscles of the thigh that originate on the os coxae are __________.

sartorius; rectus femoris
vastus lateralis; vastus medialis
rectus femoris; vastus medialis
sartorius; vastus medialis

sartorius; rectus femoris

The interosseous membrane is located between the __________.

humerus and ulna
ulna and the carpal bones of the wrist
radius and ulna
humerus and radius

radius and ulna

Which muscle of the wrist and fingers is a deep anterior flexor?

flexor digitorum superficialis
flexor pollicis longus
palmaris longus
flexor carpi ulnaris

flexor pollicis longus

Which superficial flexor muscle of the forearm is the most lateral?

flexor carpi radialis
flexor carpi ulnaris
palmaris longus
flexor digitorum superficialis

flexor carpi radialis

The palmaris longus inserts on the __________.

bases of the second and third metacarpals
palmar aponeurosis
medial epicondyle of the humerus
bodies of phalanges 2-5

palmar aponeurosis

Which muscle is a superficial anterior flexor muscle?

flexor digiti minimi brevis
flexor digitorum profundus
flexor digitorum superficialis
flexor pollicis longus

flexor digitorum superficialis

The two muscles that insert on the fifth phalanx or on the fifth metatarsal are the __________.

extensor digitorum longus and fibularis tertius
fibularis longus and extensor hallucis longus
fibularis tertius and extensor hallucis longus
extensor digitorum longus and fibularis longus

extensor digitorum longus and fibularis tertius

The extensor muscle that branches to form four tendons on the back of the hand is the __________.

extensor ulnaris
extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor digitorum
extensor carpi radialis longus

extensor digitorum

The deep posterior extensor of the wrist and fingers __________.

controls the index finger and wrist
controls the thumb and wrist
controls all four digits
controls the thumb and index finger

controls the thumb and index finger

Which deep posterior extensor of the wrist originates on the radius and ulna and interosseous membrane?

the extensor indicis
the extensor pollicis brevis
the extensor pollicis longus
the abductor pollicis longus

the abductor pollicis longus

The prime mover of wrist extension is the __________.

extensor digitorum
extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor carpi ulnaris
extensor carpi radialis longus

extensor digitorum

Wrist abduction occurs through the actions of __________ muscles.

four
two
three
five

four

Which of the following statements about muscles of the forearm is true?

The pronator quadratus originates on the radius and inserts on the ulna.
The pronator teres originates on the medial epicondyle and inserts on the radius.
Contraction of the pronator quadratus and the supinator results in forearm pronation.
The pronator quadratus is a two-headed muscle.

The pronator teres originates on the medial epicondyle and inserts on the radius.

Forearm supination is assisted by the __________.

triceps brachii
brachioradialis
supinator
biceps brachii

biceps brachii

An origin of the supinator is the __________.

radius
supinator crest of the humerus
lateral epicondyl of the humerus
ulna

lateral epicondyl of the humerus

The medial muscles of the hip joint that insert on the linea aspera are the __________.

gracilis, adductor magnus, pectineus, and adductor longus
pectineus, adductor magnus, and adductor longus
adductor magnus, adductor brevis, and adductor longus
adductor magnus, adductor brevis, and pectineus

adductor magnus, adductor brevis, and adductor longus

The muscles that extend the forearm are located __________.

laterally
medially
anteriorly
posteriorly

posteriorly

Which of the following statements about muscles of the elbow joint is true?

The biceps brachii is a posterior extensor.
The brachioradialis originates and inserts on the ulna.
The biceps brachii has two heads that share the same origin site.
None of these statements is correct.

None of these statements is correct.

The two heads of the biceps brachii muscle come together distally to insert on the __________.

deltoid tuberosity
radial tuberosity
styloid process of the radius
ulnar tuberosity

radial tuberosity

The smallest of the posterior extensors of the elbow joint is the __________.

brachioradialis
triceps brachii
anconeus
biceps brachii

anconeus

The origin of the long head of the triceps brachii is on the __________.

anterior shaft of the humerus
infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
olecranon process of the ulna
posterior shaft of the humerus

infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

Which of the following muscles is most responsible for moving the leg laterally away from the body, such as when taking a side step?

biceps femoris
gluteus maximus
adductor magnus
gluteus medius

gluteus medius

Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the muscle group known as the quadriceps femoris?

sartorius
vastus lateralis
rectus femoris
vastus intermedius

sartorius

Which of the following muscles inserts on the tibia?

iliopsoas
sartorius
gluteus medius
adductus longus

sartorius

Which muscle is a synergist of the adductor group for adducting the thighs?

sartorius
biceps femoris
gluteus maximus
gracilis

gracilis

True or False: The deltoid is a prime mover of the arm that acts in adduction.

False

True or False: Most superficial thorax muscles are extrinsic shoulder muscles.

True

The ________ tightens the neck and draws the corners of the mouth downward as in expressing horror.

sternohyoid
mentalis
platysma
sternocleidomastoid

platysma

Which of the following muscles does not act in plantar flexion?

tibialis posterior
flexor digitorum longus
popliteus
gastrocnemius and soleus

popliteus

Which rotator cuff muscle is correctly paired with its action?

teres minor; adduction
infraspinatus; abduction
supraspinatus; lateral rotation
subscapularis; medial rotation

subscapularis; medial rotation

True or False: Deep muscles of the thorax promote movements for breathing

True